Per molti, Domaine Leroy rappresenta l'apice della Borgogna di qualità. Di proprietà e gestito dal leggendario Lalou Bize-Leroy, il domaine di Vosne-Romanée è una delle filiali dell'impero Leroy, insieme a Maison Leroy e Domaine d'Auvenay.

Leroy-wine

Domaine Leroy rappresenta l'apice della Borgogna pregiata, insieme a Maison Leroy e Domaine d'Auvenay. Scopri le esclusive uscite sul nostro marketplace.

Domaine Leroy, vino della Borgogna

Domaine Leroy

È una mattina umida e nebbiosa quando arrivo ancora una volta nelle strade molto tranquille di Auxey-Duresses per il mio pellegrinaggio annuale a degustare la nuova Collezione Maison Leroy. Lo scorso anno Madame Lalou Bize-Leroy era a Monaco, quindi non vedo l’ora di rivederla e degustare insieme – proprio nel giorno del compleanno di sua figlia. Due cani corrono fuori per salutarmi con entusiasmo: il barboncino nero Nine di 13 anni e la Grand Basset Griffon Vendéen Olga di cinque anni, entrambi rapidamente tranquilli una volta consolati con qualche carezza gentile. Madame, nel frattempo, si trova dietro di loro, elegante e discreta come sempre. Parlando brevemente dello stato del mercato, ripete quanto la cosa più importante sia la felicità dei nostri clienti. Era al centro dei suoi pensieri quando ha deciso i vini per la collezione di quest’anno, dominata dalle annate 2017 e 2018, con il vino più vecchio del 2011. È bene variare un po’, mi dice. Dopo il rilascio estensivo della biblioteca dello scorso anno, con un turbinio di annate passate, quest’anno voleva dare ai più giovani la possibilità di brillare. Descrive il 2018 come un’annata più completa: c’è più vino, più materia rispetto al 2017; eppure il 2017 è più raffinato e delicato, in qualche modo più accessibile. Parliamo di cosa rende un vino un “grand vin” e lei dice: “La qualité, c’est les rendements.” (“La qualità, sono le rese.”) Prendendo l’Aligoté come esempio, spiega che raramente produrrà più di 20 hl/ha per l’Aligoté del Domaine Leroy e del Domaine d’Auvenay – e per lei questo è il limite per ottenere un vino di alta qualità. È impossibile fare un buon Aligoté a 40 hl/ha, sostiene – come sa bene degustando quei vini acquosi e diluiti. “Preferirei bere acqua,” confessa. Non è un segreto che il suo Aligoté sia speciale: e Gilles Desprez (braccio destro di Bize-Leroy) ricorda di essere rimasto una volta sbalordito da una bottiglia di 1999 D’Auvenay Aligoté servita in cieco – un vino che tutti intorno al tavolo avevano scambiato per un bianco Grand Cru. Non c’è miglior giudice di un vino della degustazione alla cieca – come ben sa Bize-Leroy. Ancora oggi, degusta tutto ciò che viene imbottigliato sotto l’etichetta Maison Leroy alla cieca. Recentemente stava assaggiando alcuni 2024 per la gamma e nota come sia facile trovare un eccellente Nuits-Saint-Georges o Gevrey-Chambertin, ma troppo spesso rimane delusa dai Vosne-Romanée e Chambolle-Musigny – faticando a scoprire vini in questi villaggi degni del sigillo di approvazione Leroy. La nostra degustazione inizia quest’anno con i rossi, partendo da una serie di 2018, assaggiati da sud a nord, “dans le sens de la Côte” (lungo la Côte), prima di passare ai 2017, poi a un 2016, un 2015, un 2012 e, infine, il vino più vecchio della collezione di quest’anno, un Nuits-Saint-Georges 2011. I bianchi includono un’appellation che degusta raramente e una che quasi mai entra nella gamma: Savigny-lès-Beaune Blanc. Il 2018 della collezione di quest’anno, tuttavia, è speciale – un vino che non saresti pazzo a chiamare Corton-Charlemagne alla cieca, mi dice. E (ovviamente) Bize-Leroy ha ragione: è sontuoso, con un livello di ricchezza e densità che supera di gran lunga quello di un semplice “village”. Con l’aria, si sviluppa ulteriormente, offrendo una complessità impressionante. Madame guarda Gilles: “Peccato che non abbiamo alcun Corton qui per fare un confronto,” dice. Gilles conferma che non ce n’è nessuno a portata di mano mentre lei considera il vino davanti a sé, prima di insistere – “Sei sicuro che non ne abbiamo qui?” Il messaggio è chiaro: Gilles dice che potrebbe essercene in un altro edificio e parte alla sua ricerca. Continuiamo a chiacchierare, degustando l’Auxey-Duresses 2018, un po’ timido dopo il Bourgogne Blanc 2018 (nelle sue parole: “il miglior Bourgogne Blanc che abbiamo mai avuto”) e lo splendido Savigny. Chiedo se ci sono vini che compra ogni anno – un’idea che rifiuta subito: non ha alcun contratto, ogni vino è selezionato esclusivamente per la sua qualità in quella specifica annata. Chiarisco che intendevo se ci fossero vigneti specifici che le piacciono particolarmente e che acquista anno dopo anno – e dice che sia Meursault Gouttes d’Or che Chassagne-Montrachet Morgeot sono certamente tra i preferiti, anche se tutto dipende da come hanno gusto. Gilles torna con una bottiglia senza etichetta, immediatamente riconoscibile dalla forma come Domaine Leroy. È senza fiato (merita qualche presa in giro, ma ha anche corso su e giù per 200 scalini per recuperare la bottiglia in questione). Il vino – un Corton-Charlemagne 2018 della proprietà – viene rapidamente aperto e servito. È tipicamente Leroy: il naso è leggermente smorzato, con un po’ di riduzione e le note di popcorn che spesso si trovano nei bianchi di Bize-Leroy. Al palato, questo è ciò che si definisce concentrato: raramente ho trovato tale concentrazione in un Corton-Charlemagne, anche nelle annate mature della Maison Leroy. Madame afferma che molti lo chiamerebbero rosso se servito totalmente alla cieca, data la sua “matière”. “Questo è un grand vin,” dice. Spiega quanto sia speciale il cru, in cima alla collina, sopra il suo Corton Renardes: “C’est un terroir à rouge.” (“È un terroir da rosso.”) Tornare al Savigny-lès-Beaune Blanc sembra un esercizio inutile dopo il Corton-Charlemagne – ma lo è lontano dal vero. Il Savigny ha beneficiato di essere stato ossigenato e lasciato aprirsi per un’ora. In effetti, non è affatto ridicolo paragonarlo al suo fratello maggiore. Anzi, Madame Bize-Leroy si sofferma su di esso, dicendo che trova il Savigny più equilibrato – il vino appare splendidamente stratificato, senza essere pesante o denso. È di gran lunga il miglior Savigny-lès-Beaune Blanc che abbia avuto la possibilità di assaggiare e – come dimostrato da questo confronto – potrebbe competere con molti Corton-Charlemagne. Naturalmente, il Corton-Charlemagne Domaine Leroy 2018 è ancora un bambino – un vino costruito per l’invecchiamento che avrà bisogno di anni prima di essere accessibile, e la stessa Bize-Leroy conferma che non sarà rilasciato a breve. Ha tutto per diventare un vino eccezionale in futuro, ma il Savigny è quello da bere ora. Questo è il mio decimo anno a FINE+RARE e sono relazioni come questa a definire la nostra attività: avere la possibilità di condividere un momento con una delle leggendarie produttrici di Borgogna, parlando apertamente e onestamente di due dei suoi vini, è davvero speciale. Alcuni sono veloci a liquidare Maison Leroy come “solo” l’etichetta négociant di Bize-Leroy, forse per ignoranza o per mancanza di esposizione alla gamma. Non posso fingere che questi vini siano economici, ma non posso nemmeno fingere che Madame Leroy sia come gli altri produttori. Il suo naso è straordinario, il suo accesso vastissimo, e i vini risultanti unici. Posso solo ammirare questa donna di 93 anni, il modo in cui descrive i suoi vini, la sua umiltà, per non parlare dei vini che portano il suo nome. Degustazione della Collezione Maison Leroy 2025 2018 Bourgogne Blanc: Il Bourgogne Blanc 2018 della Maison Leroy è estremamente espressivo. Quasi esuberante al naso, mostra concentrazione, mandorle tostate, succosa arancia sanguinella e verbena. Il palato è altrettanto impressionante – e sarebbe facile confonderlo alla cieca con un Meursault molto buono. Analogamente al suo corrispettivo rosso, il vino ha guadagnato profondità al palato rispetto all’ultima degustazione. È vivace ed espressivo, pur conservando quella caratteristica pienezza così piacevole. Madame Lalou Bize-Leroy mi dice che raramente, se non mai, ha avuto un Bourgogne Blanc di questo calibro – e a questo punto possiamo solo concordare! Bere 2025-2031. 2018 Meursault: Il Meursault 2018 della Maison Leroy è meno immediatamente espressivo del Bourgogne Blanc, degustato poco prima – ma non lasciatevi ingannare. Si percepisce la tensione e la serietà di questo vino, con accenni di mineralità affilata al naso. Al palato è concentrato e raffinato, ben bilanciato e sfaccettato, con una complessità cremosa. Rispetto al Bourgogne Blanc, questo è chiaramente di un altro calibro – un vino più aristocratico con maggiore densità. Pur essendo già accessibile, trarrà beneficio da altri tre-cinque anni in cantina per esprimere il suo pieno potenziale. Bere 2027-2035. 2018 Savigny-lès-Beaune Blanc: Il Savigny-lès-Beaune Blanc 2018 della Maison Leroy è ricco al naso. Deliziose note di brioche sono accompagnate da mela leggermente ammaccata e frutti agrumati più luminosi, con tocchi delicati di fior di limone. Man mano che il vino si ossigena, continua a guadagnare densità, strato dopo strato – creando un vino succoso e invitante. Al palato, il vino è immediatamente ricco e profondo – impossibile da confondere alla cieca con un semplice village. Ha la ricchezza tipica di un Corton-Charlemagne, perfettamente bilanciato tra potenza e tensione. È di gran lunga il miglior Savigny-lès-Beaune Blanc che abbia mai assaggiato e surclasserebbe molti Corton-Charlemagne presenti sul mercato. È già godibile ora, ma ha tutto per invecchiare senza sforzo. Bere 2025-2040. 2018 Auxey-Duresses: Proveniente da un terroir che a volte può essere un po’ troppo flamboyant o invasivo, l’Auxey-Duresses 2018 della Maison Leroy appare molto discreto dopo il Savigny-lès-Beaune. Con note di mandorle fresche e un accenno di riduzione al naso, è leggermente smorzato. Al palato, il vino mostra chiaramente la concentrazione dell’annata, pur rimanendo elegante e contenuto, con un accenno di pepe bianco. È delizioso ma avrà bisogno di qualche anno in più per essere accessibile. Bere 2028-2035. 2018 Bourgogne Rouge: Degustato l’ultima volta a febbraio 2022, il Bourgogne Rouge 2018 di Leroy mostra ancora un naso molto affascinante e delicatamente profumato, oscillante tra petali di rosa secchi e piccole bacche rosse, ma sembra aver guadagnato peso e densità. Mantiene una splendida acidità che bilancia la concentrazione dell’annata, il finale è pulito e vibrante. Una delle nostre versioni preferite della cuvée negli ultimi anni, giovane e già godibile, continuerà a evolversi positivamente per altri sette-dieci anni. Bere 2025-2035. 2018 Monthélie: Al naso, il Monthélie 2018 della Maison Leroy mostra bellissime note di viole avvolte in un mix di bacche rosse e nere, soprattutto ribes nero. Quegli aromi floreali puri e delicati si ritrovano anche al palato, accompagnati da tannini molto sottili, quasi con un accenno di dolcezza che fa venire l’acquolina. Un vino molto completo che eccelle in questa annata più calda: una splendida espressione di questo terroir che, per me, mostra l’eleganza di Volnay con una sensazione in bocca leggera. Bere 2027-2037. 2018 Volnay: Servito subito dopo il Monthélie 2018, il Volnay 2018 della Maison Leroy ha un naso leggermente più discreto. Profumato e tutto dedicato alla finezza, ma un po’ timido a questo stadio. Al palato c’è buona concentrazione e precisione, ma manca la freschezza e il mordente che ci si aspetterebbe a questo punto. Sicuramente elegante e raffinato, ma senza quel piccolo “twist” che arriverà con qualche anno in più in cantina. Bere 2028-2040. 2018 Savigny-lès-Beaune: Come il suo corrispettivo bianco, il Savigny-lès-Beaune 2018 della Maison Leroy potrebbe essere scambiato per un Corton alla cieca. Ha un naso concentrato e solare con profilo di frutta più scura. Anche al palato mostra densità: il vino è succoso e ricco, ma non pesante. È ben bilanciato, con tannini delicati e una finezza precisa. È succoso quanto accessibile. Bere 2027-2037. 2017 Gevrey-Chambertin: Uno dei punti salienti della Collezione Maison Leroy 2022 al momento del rilascio. Il vino ha mantenuto tutta la sua profondità, complessità e potenza, ma si è leggermente chiuso. È ricco di ciliegie scure dense, accenni di spezie dolci e sottobosco. Al palato offre una struttura generosa e equilibrata, avvolgente, anche se leggermente smorzata rispetto a tre anni fa. Offre comunque un finale molto lungo con note fresche persistenti. Un grand village Gevrey che avrà bisogno di qualche anno di cantina! Bere 2030-2040. 2017 Pommard: Il Pommard 2017 della Maison Leroy esprime il terroir, combinando more mature e profonde con accenni di ribes nero e un tocco di rusticità, bilanciato dalla freschezza e precisione dell’annata. Al palato ha struttura ferma ma delicata con tannini morbidi, muscolosi e vellutati. Degustato subito dopo i 2018, appare più accessibile (come spesso accade con i 2017). L’acidità guida il cuore del vino, conferendo sapidità e lungo finale. Bere 2025-2035. 2016 Santenay, Premier Cru, La Comme: Immediatamente espressivo, il Santenay Premier Cru La Comme 2016 della Maison Leroy proviene da un terroir sottovalutato, al confine meridionale di Chassagne-Montrachet. Il naso affascinante e sfaccettato oscilla tra lampone e ciliegia succosa con un accenno di liquirizia. Il vino avvolge la bocca; si percepisce la sostanza, con una texture delicata e raffinata. Mostra chiaramente la concentrazione dell’annata e le rese minuscole, ma tutto è avvolto in una bocca elegante – creando un vino di grande equilibrio. Bere 2025-2035. 2015 Chorey-lès-Beaune: Ricco al naso, il Chorey-lès-Beaune 2015 della Maison Leroy appare inizialmente timido, ma con un po’ di ossigenazione si nota quanto sia denso e saturo, con aromi di mirtilli maturi, more e un accenno di spezia (forse cannella). Al palato è concentrato con tannini avvolgenti e strati di frutti di bosco – lampone, fragola e mirtillo. Ha molto da dire e offrire, con un finale sorprendentemente persistente, ma beneficerà di qualche anno in più in cantina per esprimere tutto il suo potenziale. Bere 2028-2040. 2012 Côte de Nuits Villages: Realizzato con frutta proveniente da Nuits-Saint-Georges e Corgoloin, il Côte de Nuits Villages 2012 di Leroy è sempre un po’ chiuso al naso e leggermente austero. Ma è anche elegante e delicato, con note floreali che si combinano con aromi terziari. Al palato appare in una fase leggermente imbarazzante, molto denso con tannini morbidi e integrati, ma in qualche modo disgiunto tra frutti scuri e carattere terziario. Lo lascerei riposare qualche anno prima di ritornarci. Bere 2030-2040. 2011 Nuits-Saint-Georges: Finemente profumato, il Nuits-Saint-Georges 2011 di Leroy offre un naso delicato di frutti rossi misti sostenuti da note terrose, un po’ di pot-pourri e un accenno di spezie. Al palato è concentrato e affascinante, ma con l’aria si apre ulteriormente mostrando densità, ancora giovane per un village di 14 anni. Verso il finale si percepisce un accenno di rusticità che stimola l’acquolina. È lontano dalle aspettative austere che si potrebbero avere da questa combinazione di annata e appellation. Non ha ancora raggiunto il suo plateau di bevibilità, ma è perfettamente accessibile ora. Bere 2025-2040. La nuova collezione Maison Leroy sarà rilasciata presto: puoi vedere tutti i vini della collezione 2025 qui. Contatta il tuo Account Manager per registrare il tuo interesse.

Ogni anno, il nostro Direttore Acquisti e Partner Corentin Margier visita la Maison Leroy ad Auxey-Duresses per assaggiare le nuove uscite. Qui, racconta la sua degustazione con "Lalou", la leggendaria matriarca dell'impero Leroy.

Ahead of the release of the 2025 Maison Leroy Collection, we visit Lalou Bize-Leroy to taste with the legendary matriarch and winemaker 

Lalou Bize-Leroy: a living legend – Burgundy’s matriarch 

Lalou Bize-Leroy: una leggenda vivente

Situata nel cuore della Côte d’Or, la collina di Corton domina il paesaggio, ma i suoi vini, soprattutto i bianchi, sono spesso sottovalutati. Abbiamo incontrato i principali produttori della zona per esplorarne il pedigree e il potenziale, tra vini potenti e di grande longevità.

Discover the pedigree and potential of the hill of Corton’s whites – the fine Chardonnay from Corton-Charlemagne, Charlemagne and Corton Blanc 

Exploring Corton-Charlemagne, Charlemagne and Corton Blanc 

Corton-Charlemagne: il Grand Cru del futuro?

Lalou Bize-Leroy is one of the wine industry’s legends – but you wouldn’t know it meeting her. 
The slim 90-year-old flings open the door of her Auxey-Duresses estate to greet me open-armed, her two dogs running out to say hello as she gushes over the flowers I’ve brought her. Just as we commented after our visit last year, despite making some of the region’s finest (and most sought-after) wines, there is nothing grandiose about Leroy – here you are treated like family. 
The reason for my visit, of course, is to taste the 2023 collection from Bize-Leroy’s négociant arm, Maison Leroy. This label is the most affordable entry-point and window into Leroy’s empire – with the rare wines of Domaine Leroy and Domaine d’Auvenay almost impossible to get your hands on. 
Although the Leroy family has owned vines for centuries, the family’s reputation was built on its négociant bottlings – with the operation dating back to 1868, when it was established by François Leroy (Lalou Bize-Leroy’s great-grandfather). While Bize-Leroy’s father Henri focused on Domaine de la Romanée-Conti (purchasing a 50% stake in 1942), Bize-Leroy joined the family business in 1955 and developed the négociant. It is only under her tenure that the company really flourished and became known for offering the very best of the best. Over almost 70 years, she has built and shaped both the Leroy reputation, and that of Burgundy as a whole. 
The négociant project is a massive undertaking, with Bize-Leroy tasting hundreds of wines blind each year en primeur. She will know the appellation but not the grower/producer, and picks only the very best to be bottled under her family name, looking for the most typical examples, with the most beautiful definition. She is known for her incredible palate and, given her position in the region, has unrivalled access to the very best vineyards – the combination makes for négociant wines of unusual pedigree. 
The wines are then matured in the Leroy cellars, released to the world only when she deems them ready. It’s particularly important to Bize-Leroy that the wines are sold only when ready to drink – feeling that far too many wines today are consumed too young, wastefully consumed when they haven’t realised their full potential. “Waiting,” she says, “makes all the difference.” 
She talks about the Maison wines as if they’re her children, with an affection and care that is hard to describe – but makes sense given the personal relationship she has with each and every wine selected. 
The 2023 release focuses on vintages ending in three – including a host of vintages that she feels are under-rated and misunderstood. Starting with the 1983, she notes how the reds were rustic at first – with massive tannins, but the acidity was there, and the best wines have length, subtlety and a sense of completeness that is rare. 
“Everything has been written about 2003,” she tells me of this infamous year. Despite the year being known for its hot conditions – with then unheard-of temperatures and a record-breaking early harvest – she secured lots of the wines, finding that they had “une petite côté de tendresse”, showing a tenderness that was enchanting. The 2003 Savigny-lès-Beaune Les Ratausses that we taste shows this beautifully; Bize-Leroy describes it as “adorable”, which is hard to disagree with – sweet-fruited yet dainty and with a freshness that you wouldn’t expect of this warm year. 
 The 2013 vintage might not have been great for red Burgundy, with wines that were hard to taste in their youth with their tannin levels, but there are some wines “drinking beautifully now” in Bize-Leroy’s view. And this is something that I’ve seen time and again recently, with many bottles from this “off-vintage” really impressing over the last couple of years. 
As for the whites, the 1993 Meursault Perrières unashamedly stole the show. As Bize-Leroy said, it’s “une pure petite merveille” (literally “a pure little marvel”): this incredible Chardonnay kept evolving in the glass, offering such complexity that it is almost impossible to capture in words. Endless facets revealed themselves, with florals, fruit and the nutty tones from its age and a creaminess that drove a long, mouth-watering finish. Returning to the glass after five minutes, there’s a whole new layer that has opened up. It was stunning. 
Comparing a 2018 Auxey-Duresses and 2017 Meursault was a treat – the Auxey-Duresses taking more time to unravel in the glass, its delicacy needing air to emerge, while the tension of the 2017 offered more immediate pleasure. Although Bize-Leroy favours the Auxey, the Meursault won me over – a wine that made me smile with its sheer joy. 
Even for us, it’s rare to get the chance to re-taste these wines, so it was a particular treat to revisit her Bourgogne Blanc Fleurs de Vignes. This magical multi-vintage blend was first released in 2013, with the aim to craft the “ultimate Bourgogne Blanc”, partly due to the low volumes of Bourgogne made in the early 2010s. Combining Premier Cru Puligny-Montrachet (Champ Gain) fruit with village and regional plots from the vintages between 2008 and 2011, it’s an extraordinary wine that is gaining in complexity exponentially.
 Tasting with Bize-Leroy is a special experience. She’s precise in the way she tastes and talks about the wines, each word carefully considered and deliberate –that sense of familial pride shining through as she presents these newborns to the world. Once we’ve tasted, it’s on to lunch – a low-key affair, choucroute, elevated by the rest of the 2017 Meursault, for first and foremost Bize-Leroy crafts wines to be enjoyed at the table – and what wines they are.  
Read more about Maison Leroy and browse all current listings 


With the 2023 releases from Maison Leroy around the corner, Buying + Partner Director Corentin Margier reports on his tasting with the inimitable Lalou Bize-Leroy and how this winemaker has shaped Burgundy today

Tasting the 2023 Maison Leroy collection with Domaine Leroy and D’Auvenay’s winemaker Lalou Bize-Leroy – a woman that has shaped Burgundy today

Talking to Lalou Bize-Leroy

The tastemaker: Lalou Bize-Leroy

We caught up with Madame Lalou Bize-Leroy on all the latest developments at Domaine Leroy and discussed the 2019 vintage, which is set to be one of the lowest yields she has ever produced in the Côte de Beaune. There are some fantastic wines this year from both Domaine d’Auvenay and the Maison Leroy Collection, including a mixed vintage red, coming exclusively from vintages in the nineties, predominantly 1999, originally released to celebrate the millennium. On arriving in Burgundy we headed straight to Maison Leroy situated in the village of Auxey Duresses. There we met with Frédéric Roemer and Gilles Desprez (Lalou’s right-hand men) to taste the wines destined to be released as part of the Maison Leroy Collection later this month. The range this year is smaller than usual but what its lacks in volume it makes up for in quality as well as variety.
 The Maison Leroy Collection 2020 The wines as always were selected by Lalou, based on them all entering into their ideal drinking window with the youngest vintage of white being the 2012 Puligny Montrachet 1er Cru and a selection of reds from 2003 – Maranges, Aloxe Corton and Chambolle Musigny 1er Cru. Two exceptional non-vintage releases are also included in the collection this year, a mixed vintage white wine called “Fleurs de Vignes” and a mixed vintage red called “Hommage à l’An 2000”.  This marks just the second-ever release of “Fleurs de Vignes” (the first bottling of this blend was released in 2015) and is composed of three different vintages of Bourgogne Blanc blended with Puligny 1er Cru Champ Gain.  The “Hommage a L’An 2000”, is a unique Pinot Noir blended by Lalou, originally released in 2004 to celebrate the millennium, comprised of a mixture of Bourgogne Rouge cuvée and a number of unspecified village crus, all exclusively from vintages in the 90s with the majority of the wine coming from the 1999 vintage. This special bottling will come with a gold capsule and each bottle is individually numbered. NV Bourgogne Rouge “Hommage a l’An 2000”, Maison Leroy (2020 Release)
Complex nose with both fresh red berry fruit aromas complemented by more earthy, savoury, forest floor and dried cigar leaf notes. Lovely density on the palate with a broad fruit spectrum from candied red berry to savoury dried leather and animal notes. Very elegant on the finish and lots of vibrancy too. NV Bourgogne Blanc "Fleurs de Vignes”, Maison Leroy (2020 Release)
Superb nose, very expressive with aromas jumping from the glass; rich, yet retaining nice stony minerality. In the mouth, there is an explosion of flavours and a lovely creaminess in texture, progressively building on the palate. This is beautifully dense, lactic and mouthcoating, clearly punching above its classification. Sumptuous, precise and long length. This has to be one of the most impressive Bourgogne Blanc out there. Another highlight this year included the Volnay 1er Cru 1984, which although was one of the most difficult vintages in living memory, this wine was really stunning and a benchmark for the Volnay terroir. 
1984 Volnay 1er Cru, Maison Leroy (2020 Release)
There is a charming, elegant perfume to the nose, exuberant, opulent with rich wild strawberries, raspberry, kirsch notes, dried herbs and wild mushroom with a touch of rusticity too. The nose is hypnotic in its perfume and the palate is equally so. It has a very elegant mouthfeel as the fruit aromas continue to the palate and finish with a lovely salinity. This is
a wonderful wine, quite extraordinary. Prior to our visit to Domaine d’Auvenay, we had a quick opportunity to visit the Leroy cellars, an extraordinary collection of ageing bottles, awaiting release, including Batch 001 – the last remaining bottles of 1919 Auxey Duresses. These are the oldest Leroy bottles in existence in their cellar.
 Domaine d’Auvenay Domaine d’Auvenay, is a 20-minute drive from Maison Leroy based in the village of Saint Romain. Here we were greeted by Lalou and her two dogs Nine and Nais as well as a lunch with a few bottles from the latest selection of Domaine d’Auvenay wines also due to be released this month.  We were soon talking about the latest 2019 vintage and Lalou starts laughing about how stupidly low the yields were. The heat and drought of the vintage meant production was significantly down. In fact, the yields were some of the lowest she has ever seen! Most cuvees in 2019 at Domaine d’Auvenay amount to just 1 barrel of each. For the Criots Batard Montrachet she produced less than 100 litres! Despite the pitiful amounts produced, she is extremely happy with the quality and unbelievable concentration. Leroy and d’Auvenay’s vineyards remain incredibly easy to spot in the Cote d’Or due to her unique pruning methods. She wants to create the highest vines possible rather than hedging the vines which she believes stresses the vine too much and affects the pollination the following year.  Lalou admits the process is incredibly high maintenance and requires an extensive full-time viticultural staff to manage. She has up to 60 staff working for her during the season across Leroy and d’Auvenay. Whilst her neighbours have warmed to her philosophy (initially many thought she was crazy), few have followed suit, not being able to justify the running costs of such methods. Since the 90s Lalou has been carrying out analysis on her soils, conscious of the effects of her neighbours using chemicals as another viticultural shortcut. Fortunately, the results she has received shows that the impact from neighbouring plots on her own is marginal and her soils were in good shape and using biodynamic organic farming since establishing the domaine
in 1988 has seen the soils improve year after year. The whites we tried from Domaine d’Auvenay were the Meursault Narvaux 2009 which had an utterly captivating nose, so expressively full of toasted nuts, baked bread, white flowers and matched by a great texture both rich and creamy yet so mineral, so elegant, so precise. This was followed by the exceptional Meursault Gouttes d’Or 2007. The Gouttes d’Or is one of Lalou’s favourite terroirs and one of the most recognisable, stating it has this beautiful
alliance of freshness and richness, always retaining a vibrant backbone of acidity but enveloped by a rich, butter-like texture. These whites were followed by d’Auvenay’s epic Mazis Chambertin 2002: deceptively elegant and subtle on the nose and enormous on the palate. The breadth of the wine is stunning, mouthfilling supported by powerful yet utterly refined tannins. As you coax the glass, aromas of rich dark berries allied with an ethereal floral bouquet joint with freshly grounded coffee,
mocha, dark spices and a hint of wildness too. It's an emotional palate where flavours
come from all direction but there is a real sense of harmony with the complex flavours coming together in the glass. It has epic length and is just approachable now but possesses enough texture and weight to evolve for at least 20 years. Whilst tasting bottles of Domaine d’Auvenay is an unforgettable experience, the tasting was topped by a very rare bottle of Maison Leroy Auxey Duresses 1926. It turns out that this bottle was one of a case presented to the legendary Chef Paul Bocuse for his 50th birthday by Lalou in 1976. It was in fact the last bottles of the vintage from the estate. F+R came into possession of the bottle from an auction in Lyon following his death last year. We thought who better to share the bottle with than Lalou herself. 

Lalou started to recall 1926 was in fact a pretty difficult vintage and that very little wine was made that year. Yet on tasting the wine, it was extraordinary, really something quite exceptional. As we tasted the wine throughout the lunch it continued to evolve and improve rather than deteriorate. It was incredibly stable in that sense and multi-faceted, every time
you put your nose in the glass there were different aromas. It retained its structure right through the lunch and held up brilliantly against the d’Auvenay Mazis Chambertin 2002. It is also even more special since these Pinot Noir vines have since been replanted with Chardonnay vines and thus the wine has not been in existence since then. Today this vineyard produces Domaine d’Auvenay’s Auxey Duresses Les Clous Blanc. It was one of the original vineyards that belonged to her father and therefore one of the most treasured by Lalou. Asked about her favourite wine (surely a question on everyone’s lips!) she replied without hesitation “1955 Chambertin”. Asked why, she replied simply “because it is my favourite”. A fair enough response and typical of Lalou’s unpretentious approach when tasting these remarkable wines. She admits she really loves drinking aged white Burgundy and was keen to prove why during the now legendary tasting in 2018 where she opened white wines dating back to the 1940s and invited the world’s leading wine critics to the domaine.  She wanted to show them how aged white Burgundy should actually taste. She states that the whites from the 1940s were tasting 20-30 years younger than they were thanks to the quality of the wines and the perfect cellaring in the very humid cellars at Leroy. The incredibly stable temperature in the cellar further helps create wines of remarkable stability and ageing potential. Following the tasting, Antonio Galloni commented: “To say these are among the greatest wines I have ever tasted seems superficial.” Before leaving we discussed with Lalou the latest Maison Leroy Collection 2020 release, which she is very proud of. She still, to this day, hand-selects the wines herself. Courtiers bring her wines to try from every appellation and under no contracted obligation she simply picks the wines she feels are the best and represents each appellation most truthfully. Given how well the wines then go on to age at the Leroy cellars is proof of her abilities and the strength of her palate. With 65 years experience of in selecting wines for the Collection, her encyclopaedic knowledge of Burgundy makes her a true savant of the region. Browse all current Maison Leroy, Domaine Leroy and Domaine d'Auvenay listings

Back in Burgundy for our annual visit to Domaine Leroy, we selected what we will offer from the new Maison Leroy 2020 Collection. This year we were also able to taste some of the latest Domaine d’Auvenay releases as well as a rather special bottle of 1926 Auxey Duresses from Maison Leroy.

Exploring the Maison Leroy 2020 Collection and latest Domaine d’Auvenay releases on our team's annual visit to Domaine Leroy.

Visiting Domaine Leroy and d'Auvenay

No matter how many times you visit, a trip to Maison Leroy never loses its allure. Driving through the quiet streets of Auxey-Duresses, following the soft, chalky blue signs for Leroy that point the way, is always incongruous with the fame of this address. As we’ve written before, you won’t find the grandeur you’d expect from such an illustrious producer – Lalou Bize-Leroy, and her entire team, embodies a rare charm and down-to-earth character that you don’t expect.  I was there to taste the new collection – an occasion which is always remarkable, winding your way through an array of vintages and cuvées of both colours. Bize-Leroy only releases her négociant wines when she feels they are ready to drink, meaning the collection often includes both recent vintages and older wines stretching back 40 or even 50 years. No matter the age, each one has been selected by “Madame” herself, the matriarch with one of Burgundy’s best noses.  This year’s collection is notable for its youth – in all the right ways. Recent collections have included venerable bottles drawn from the property’s extensive cellars – offering a rare chance to taste flawlessly aged fine Burgundy, direct from the producer. This year’s line-up – of course – includes special vintages that will set cellar-hunters’ hearts aflutter, stunning Chardonnay from 1985 and ’79, as well as two reds from 1972, Vosne-Romanée Premier Cru Les Petits Monts and Echezeaux Grand Cru, which Gilles Desprez (Bize-Leroy’s right-hand man) highlighted as some of his personal stand-outs, showing amazing refinement and delicacy, despite their age.  Beyond these historied bottlings, however, you’ll find a selection of wines from the best recent vintages. For the reds, 2018 offers a rich and generous profile, approachable now yet with the depth of fruit to age; 2017 is a vintage of the moment, fully of juicy charm and bright acidity that is irresistible; while there are elegant 2015s and a concentrated 2016.  As for the whites, the 2018s are soft, round and welcoming Chardonnays that nevertheless have everything needed to age, while the thrilling, taut 2014s are just edging into their long drinking window. A similar year, 2010, with high acidity and beautiful balance shines in the line-up – and the vintage is among my favourites for whites.   Desprez notes what a pleasure it is to show these wines, offering a slightly different side to Burgundy for them. Of course, it’s perhaps reflective of current tastes – with a larger range of whites full of vibrant fruit and flinty minerality. For a man fortunate enough to taste more than his fair share of aged Burgundy, these wines are refreshing. While each release is ready for you to pull the cork on, these more youthful releases can also be aged (an excellent excuse to purchase more than one case, if you can, in our view). The line-up this year is really exciting, offering a real range of wines to appeal to all sorts of fine Burgundy drinkers.   We won’t pretend that wines of this level come cheap, but a visit to taste at Maison Leroy reinforces exactly why their name commands such demand. These wines provide a masterclass in fine Burgundy – each one so reflective of its terroir and vintage, archetypal expressions of Burgundian Chardonnay and Pinot Noir. Take the 1979 Puligny-Montrachet Premier Cru Pucelles in this year’s collection, one of the handful of carefully chosen mature wines that feature. Tasting it in the morning, the nose was gorgeously expressive – pristine and mesmerising, yet took a full hour to open up on the palate. Tasting it later in the day, it was still gorgeous – exactly what aged Chardonnay should be – showing how good white Burgundy can be, and a bottle that I won’t be forgetting any time soon.  Highlights from the 2024 Maison Leroy collection 2017 Bourgogne Rouge, Maison Leroy: Offering all the freshness and juiciness that one can find in 2017 red Burgundies at present, this Bourgogne Rouge offers everything you’d want from regional Pinot Noir. It’s very expressive and youthful on the nose, driven by red berries and sour cherries. The palate is lively and offers immediate pleasure, with a nice, savoury, peppery finish that makes it dangerously enjoyable now. Lovely now, this should drink nicely for the next five to seven years. 1999 Bourgogne Rouge, Maison Leroy: It’s been a few years since we last had a chance to taste Maison Leroy’s 1999 Bourgogne Rouge, and it was very interesting to compare this cuvée with the Hommage à l’An 2000 that was re-released last year. By comparison, the 1999 feels like it is still in its teen-years, with a powerful and concentrated profile compared to its millennial cousin. On the nose, it takes a few minutes to open up, but it is understated, elegant Pinot showing some evolution, with wild berries paired with dried petals. On the palate, it is at first interestingly youthful, led by dark fruit. The tannins are powerful, and the concentration impressive. This is drinking beautifully now and should enter its prime drinking window in two to three years. A fantastic showing for a regional appellation! 2018 Chorey-lès-Beaune, Maison Leroy: The 2018 Chorey-lès-Beaune is very perfumed, exuberant with florals and redcurrants. Always livelier and more fruit-forward than Monthélie (especially in warmer vintages), this often-overlooked terroir offers a beautiful level of complexity. On the palate, crunchy red berry fruit and juicy tannins lead on to a beautiful saltiness towards the finish. Its acidity and freshness beautifully balance the richness of the vintage. This is lovely to drink now and should evolve nicely for the next five to seven years. 2016 Santenay, Maison Leroy: Deep purple in colour, the 2016 Santenay is beautifully restrained when compared to its 2017 and 2018 siblings in this line-up. The discreet nose is lovely, driven by red fruit. The tannins are silky, coating the mouth pleasingly. There’s almost a creaminess to the mid-palate. Concentrated and with superb density, this is drinking well now but will benefit from another few years’ cellaring to show its full potential, it should then evolve beautifully for another eight to 10 years given its concentration. 2015 Côte de Nuits Villages, Maison Leroy: Made with fruit from around Nuits-Saint-Georges and Corgoloin, this offers a more austere nose – but it’s a very elegant and subtle Pinot. On the palate, it’s beautifully concentrated, with polished tannins. It starts with rich dark fruit, and there’s lovely acidity on the mid-palate that leads to a long, savoury finish. This is beautifully approachable now and will age nicely for another seven to 10 years. 2015 Gevrey-Chambertin, Maison Leroy: Tasted just after its Côte de Nuits Villages cousin, the 2015 Gevrey-Chambertin offers a beautifully layered nose, aromatic yet serious. Its palate mirrors the profound nose, dense and concentrated with layer after layer of complexity – much more than one would expect for a village wine. Dark fruit evolves into more earthy and spicy notes, finishing on an almost floral finish. This is so subtle and delicate, a brilliant showing for a wine that can be drunk now but would be even more impressive after three to five extra years in the cellar. 2018 Bourgogne Blanc, Maison Leroy: This is aromatic and very expressive on the nose. The palate offers creamy lactic notes, and it’s got a beautiful texture and depth. It shows the ripness of the warm vintage, yet this is complemented by a backbone of minerality – balancing the rich weight of orchard fruit. Profound and lovely for a mere Bourgogne Blanc. 1998 Bourgogne Blanc, Maison Leroy: On the nose this is driven by citrus fruit. There is the slightest hint of pleasing oxidative tones, with richer fruit, yet not overly so – with the wine in pristine condition. It shows beautiful evolution on the palate, with honeysuckle notes and more exotic fruit – yet acidity that avoids risking any overly ripe or jammy character. A very delicate wine, this food to complement its evolved complexity. Drink in the next three years. 2019 Saint-Aubin, Maison Leroy: This is so fresh on the nose – full of white flowers and juicy white peach, it’s mineral, lovely and expressive. On the palate, however, there’s unexpected density and texture. This is super concentrated and youthful, yet also very enjoyable now – and one of those wines that will keep showing different facets with air, and long after you’ve swallowed a mouthful. This will need time to show its full potential, but is already glorious. 2019 Auxey-Duresses, Maison Leroy: This was our favourite in the line-up of 2019 and 2018s this year. Auxey-Duresses is a village that is often overlooked but that Madame Lalou Bize-Leroy masters. The nose is multilayered, showing riper notes than the Saint-Aubin, but more acidity too, and with a mouthcoating texture that almost feels weightier than the Meursault. This is very 2019, in the sense that it combines great richness and freshness. This is lovely and long, with a finish marked by creamy, lactic notes. Drink it now and over the next five to seven years. 2018 Meursault, Maison Leroy: This offers a dense nose packed with layers of complexity, yet it’s also very subtle and discreet. This will need a bit of time to fully show its character, as the layers peel back in bottle. With aeration, the wine unfurls with richer, riper stone-fruit notes. On the palate, there are hints of creamy, brioche-like notes, along with real density of fruit on the mid-palate – a rich and weighty wine. There’s a lovely long finish. If you can, give it another five to seven years in the cellar, as the wine is so tightly packed and concentrated that you may miss out (although it’s hard to resist now!). 2014 Chassagne-Montrachet, Premier Cru, Les Chenevottes, Maison Leroy: This is very expressive and fragrant on the nose. Still fresh and intense on both the nose and palate, this lively wine speaks of this brilliant white Burgundy vintage – and is only just entering its drinking window. It offers such a complete set of aromas from the rich, ripe notes of fresh fruit to more herbal, citrus notes, all driven by brilliant acidity and a hint of bitterness. Lovely – and one of our favourite whites in the collection this year. 2010 Chassagne-Montrachet, Premier Cru, Morgeot, Maison Leroy: This Morgeot has such a lovely nose, offering a mix of sweet apple and honey-flavoured candies. It is concentrated and powerful on the nose, mature yet still has a lot to say. On the palate, the acidity is striking from the moment the wine touches your tongue. It opens with fresh, mineral, crystalline notes, but this is immediately followed by a wave of ripe yellow fruit, and then some sweet spice which lifts the wine on towards its persistent finish. This is beautiful now and should stay in this zone for another five to seven years. 1979 Puligny-Montrachet, Premier Cru, Les Pucelles, Maison Leroy: With a beautiful golden colour, this is so impressive on the nose, with so much going on: honey, beeswax, frangipane, creamy and lactic notes, candied orange peel, crystallised fruit, it just keeps delivering on the nose. The palate seems a bit muted by comparison, when tasted just after opening – but after an hour or so you’ll find the same level of density and richness here too. All those aromas mingle together and melt into each other, yet there is a sense of harmony, with beautiful acidity throughout. The wine feels like there are so many layers and strands to it, but it is also so complete. Towards the finish, there is a certain salinity that drives the length of the wine, alongside those honeysuckle notes. A real delight that is approaching its prime though still has a lot to say! Drink now through to 2035. The 2024 Maison Leroy collection will be released soon, sign up to find out more, or read more about Maison Leroy and browse all current listings 

Ahead of the annual release from the fabled Maison Leroy, Buying + Partner Director Corentin Margier reports on his pilgrimage to this iconic address in Auxey-Duresses

Tasting the wines in the 2024 Maison Leroy collection – the latest releases from Lalou Bize-Leroy (of Domaine Leroy and Domaine d’Auvenay)

Tasting the 2024 Maison Leroy collection

A masterclass in fine Burgundy: Maison Leroy

Old, low-yielding vines. I’ve written that phrase more times than I’d like to confess. But how much does it really mean when it comes to the quality of the wine in your glass? The 2023 vintage in Burgundy (read our full vintage report here) produced generous yields. In farming terms, that’s a good thing: a plentiful crop that restocks the cellars (and coffers). But the sheer volume of fruit (“a wall of grapes”, as Bouchard’s winemaker Frédéric Weber told us) posed its own challenge – and much of our time in the region’s cellars this year was spent diving into how they managed, or controlled, the yield. It seemed fitting, therefore, to address the topic in greater detail.  In the Old World, appellation rules will limit yields, with the yield generally decreasing as you move up the appellation system (see below a table detailing the maximum yields for Burgundy, for example). Of course, this indicates a relationship between yield and quality, implying less is better – and there is no doubt that excessive yields don’t produce fine wine. But how low is too low? There is a fashion for prizing vines that barely manage to ripen a bunch or two, but do they really make better wine than those producing a decent crop? Beyond our obsession with rarity, what are the consequences of less fruit per vine – and therefore, what does more entail? A note on measuring yield Before we get into the weeds of the matter, let’s address how we talk about yield. In the Old World, the most common measurement of yield is hectolitres per hectare (hl/ha), measuring the volume of juice or wine per hectare of vineyard area. In Champagne the standard measure is kilos per hectare and in Italy you may see reference to quintales per hectare (qt/ha or q/ha, with one quintal translating to 100kg), while in the US, producers are more likely to use tons per acre. We’ll dive further into the many variables here, but it’s worth highlighting that vine density isn’t taken into account by any of these measurements. Although a higher number of vines per hectare will generally mean a higher yield across the vineyard, the increased competition will also likely reduce the yield per vine. For this article, we have spoken to producers from a range of regions, but do note that yields are not comparable between varieties or region. Climate – with heat, sunlight and water availability, as well as the varying size of berries and clusters of any given variety, mean that there is no number that can be deemed a global average when it comes to yield. (Do look at this table compiled by the Wine Advocate’s William Kelley, comparing vine density, cluster weight and juice yields for various classic fine wine regions, to give you an idea of the differences between regions.) Given this, “high” and “low” yields aren’t equated to specific numbers here, but the concept discussed more broadly – and arguably more relevantly for those of us drinking wine rather than making it. Bearing all of this in mind, extremely approximate conversions can be made as follows: one tonne per hectare is approximately 7hl/ha, while one ton per acre is around 17.5hl/ha (Oxford Companion to Wine). Yields: how low is too low? “It’s not extreme mythology: low yields produce better quality,” Cerbaiona’s Matthew Fioretti tells me; for him, high yields risk dilution and sanitary problems – and at excessive levels, that is certainly true. But, as Myriad’s Mike Smith told me, the relationship is “not linear”. Mike Dunn (Dunn Vineyards) generally has low yields, but that’s not necessarily about concentration, he explains: it’s simply about how much they can ripen before winter hits. Up on Napa’s Howell Mountain, their poor soils and farming (avoiding irrigation and fertilisation where they can) naturally produce lower yields. He recently changed some of their Cabernet Sauvignon to cane (rather than cordon) pruning and, although they’re getting more fruit off the same vines, there’s been no loss in quality. “It’s all relative,” says Ivan Massonnat at Belargus in Anjou. He points to Saumur with its limestone soils, where producers can crop 45-50hl/ha without a problem, but on the schist soils that lie beneath his vineyards: “Forget about doing much more than 30-35hl/ha,” he says. And even that has proven challenging for him. In the seven vintages he’s produced at the estate, only two have come close to 30hl/ha, with the average around 15hl/ha, simply due to the challenges of each vintage. He’d have loved to crop more – but nature had other ideas, and vignerons have to adapt to the vintage. Massonnat explains how if you farm to produce yields that are overly low, you can end up with fruit that has high technical, or sugar, maturity, but isn’t yet phenolically ripe – leading to unbalanced wines. Smith echoes this, talking specifically about Beckstoffer Dr Crane, one of Napa’s legendary vineyards, which he finds likes to produce more – around five tons an acre (versus four in most of the vineyards he works with). He sees producers cropping to just three tons per acre there, and in warm vintages the fruit ripens too quickly for the phenolics to catch up. Philippe Bascaules – who was first appointed Estate Director at Ch. Margaux in 1990 – offers an interesting perspective, arguing that there’s no direct relationship between yield and quality. In Bordeaux in the 1970s, he tells me, yields were consistently low – 25-30hl/ha, with wines that were inconsistent. As the wines became more popular, with demand from the US in particular for the 1982 vintage, producers started aiming for significantly higher yields and chaptalizing much more. Soon, average yields had doubled to 50-60hl/ha – a level that was unsustainable, especially in challenging vintages such as 1992, ’93 and ’94. Gradually they implemented changes, introducing green-harvesting (in 1986 at Ch. Margaux) and reducing fertilisation levels in the 1990s. Today, he and his team aim for around 45hl/ha, “a good production” in his mind – but a level which also offers insurance against inclement conditions. Lowering yields is something that, for him, has brought greater consistency to both the estate and region across vintages – ensuring they can ripen the crop each year. Deliberately reducing the yield beyond this, however, wouldn’t offer any serious benefit, he says. Similarly, across the Durantou family’s estates on the Right Bank, including Ch. l’Eglise-Clinet, Noëmie Durantou Reilhac targets a yield of circa 42hl/ha. “The vine wants to produce fruit,” she says, “so if the yield is really, really low, something went wrong.” For her, it’s the balance that matters most. With very high yields, the resulting wines will lack concentration (“You cannot make in tanks what nature hasn’t done before,” she says), but equally if the berries are so small that there is barely any juice, you’ll have little but tannins left to work with. And, while hail or frost will reduce your yield, they won’t result in greater concentration. “I think it just comes down to stress,” Dunn tells me. And that’s a common thread for several producers, arguing that vines need to struggle to produce quality. As Sébastien le Golvet – of Champagne Henri Giraud, who works with the poor soils of Aÿ – says, “genii are born of suffering”. Suffering doesn’t always mean lower yields, however: arguably, Dunn says, in high-vigour sites, keeping higher yields will help increase stress, pushing the vine to work harder – and therefore produce higher quality. Elements impacting yield While it’s impossible for us to address every factor that influences yield, it’s worth – relatively briefly – highlighting a few additional influences beyond site (with poorer or richer soils), variety and vintage: Trellising: Trellising – the shape in which a vine is trained – can be used to control yield. At Cerbaiona, Fioretti emphasises how using alberello or bush vines is key to helping contain Sangiovese’s natural vigour. At Tiberio, Cristiana Tiberio’s oldest vines are pergola-trained, with a traditional Abruzzese system that encourages competition but also increases the canopy to aid photosynthesis and ripening. Vine material/rootstock: The material used in a vineyard is integral (as with Quinta do Noval’s Nacional vineyard, see below). Mike Dunn, for example, mentioned how one of his older vineyards was planted on St George rootstock, known for shatter and therefore limiting yields even further. Jean-Marie Fourrier (Domaine Fourrier) argues that the use of selected clones, rather than massal selection, has resulted in higher yields and the need to green harvest, something that he never does – aided further by the age of his vines (see below for more on this). Vine age: There’s no doubt that the element of vine age is conflated with yields and quality, with older vines often producing better fruit – but less of it. As Mike Dunn told me, the wines from his oldest vines are “more intriguing”, but at some point economics comes into play, and the level of production is financially unsustainable. It’s another non-linear relationship, however, as Durantou Reilhac explains: “Some 70-year-old grandmas can run and dance, and others are weaker.” Although most old vines will produce less fruit, she finds it’s far from uniform in her vineyards – and sometimes there will be young vines that produce less. Virus and millerandage: Virused vines will produce lower yields, and as with old vines, will reach a point where they are unsustainable. While on the surface virus is negative, certain producers do value the reduction in yield or slower ripening that is a result of disease – South Africa’s Hamilton Russell being one (with leafroll virus). Quinta do Noval persists with its own-rooted Nacional vineyard, suffering from phylloxera, with the vines slowly dying and yielding tiny volumes, to produce a particularly special and rare Vintage Port. Similarly, millerandage is a condition most commonly a consequence of poor weather at fruit-set, producing grape clusters with unevenly sized grapes, combining larger and smaller (or shot) berries – sometimes referenced as hen-and-chick. While this reduces yield, the phenomenon is sometimes valued for giving increased concentration to wine. Indeed, some particular clones – such as the Mendoza, Wente or Gingin clones of Chardonnay – are valued for their bunches with hen-and-chicks, and Bret Brothers, for example, even makes a special Cuvée Millerandée – with millerandée Chardonnay – from Les Quarts (a Pouilly-Vinzelles site recently awarded Premier Cru status). Cover crops: At Henri Giraud, Sébastien le Golvet feels that cover crops are essential to the quality of their fruit – and the yield. Sewn just before harvest, the cover crops provide competition up until flowering when they roll the grass mix, creating a bed that holds water and offers nitrogen to the soils, acting as a natural fertiliser – in a way both moderating then fuelling the vines’ growth. This is one hint at the extent to which the type of soils and level of organic matter, not to mention water availability, dictated by site and the farming methods, are all key. The previous vintage: There are two theories at play here. Firstly, conditions during what is known as the initiation phase of the vine cycle, which takes place alongside flowering, will dictate the yield of the following vintage. In 2023 in Burgundy for example, one of the factors in yield was that the spring of 2022 offered perfect conditions, laying the groundwork for 2023’s plentiful crop. As Sébastien le Golvet also explained, however, a large crop in one vintage can tire the vines, meaning they have less to give the following year. How wine producers manage yield The vine naturally wants to reproduce, to grow, ripen fruit and spread its seeds. Vignerons are tasked with taming the plant to focus its energies to develop fruit of concentration and complexity that will make fine wine. This is done in many ways, some of which include: Pruning: The first stage to set up the yield in an existing vineyard is pruning, leaving the appropriate number of buds per vine for the season ahead. The timing of this varies according to the producer, from December through to March, with later pruning helping delay the vine cycle, which is sometimes desirable. Alvina Pernot, for example, specifically pruned her vines shortly (ie to offer a lower crop) in 2023 to help the vines recover from the relatively high-yielding 2022 vintage. Lalou Bize-Leroy famously works with very low yields, and emphasises how important pruning is in this (Domaine Leroy harvested just under 30hl/ha in 2023, its highest ever yield – a number which would still be low by many producers’ standards). De-budding or suckering: In spring, producers will de-bud or sucker the vines, removing lateral shoots and providing further control of the potential yield, as well as the spacing and position of the crop. In 2023 in Burgundy, many producers emphasised how important this was. Hugues Pavelot described it as “drastic”, while Philippe Jouan passed through his vines twice. At Bouchard, Frédéric Weber explained how some of the buds produced two or three bunches in 2023 (rather than the normal one), meaning that even with extensive de-budding yields were very high. Green harvesting: Green-harvesting is the most discussed method of yield control, and one that divides producers. We spoke to several Burgundian vignerons who avoid it (Dominique Lafon, Jacques Devauges at Domaine des Lambrays, Philippe Jouan and Jean-Marie Fourrier, to name a few) – some of whom felt that they had no choice but to use the method in 2023, despite their best efforts. The reason against green-harvesting is that the vine will try to compensate, and that it can be avoided with managing the vineyard in other ways. That said, there are many top-tier producers that green-harvest, and feel it is key to the quality they produce (Ch. Margaux, Eglise-Clinet, Georges Noëllat and Olivier Bernstein, to name a few). And it’s not a decision that any take lightly, well aware that they are literally throwing away potential income. At Cerbaiona, Fioretti compares the vines to runners or cyclists – needing to carry as little weight as possible to get over the finish line. With Sangiovese, he finds it’s unavoidable, especially with the presence of “wings” or “shoulders” (smaller separate clusters that sit on the shoulder of the main bunch). The timing is key, and many producers emphasise the importance of green-harvesting early in the season. For Noëmie Durantou Reilhac, she aims to have this done prior to véraison to avoid twisting the stems (which would impact sap flow) and damaging the skins of the remaining bunches. She’ll do a final pass through her vineyards just before harvest, but this is a method of sorting rather than impacting the ripeness of the grapes on the vine. “There’s a certain point where you can reduce fruit, say a month away from picking, but it won’t do anything,” says Myriad’s Mike Smith. Like many producers, he favours green-harvesting mid-véraison to drop anything that is behind, helping even the ripeness of the crop – as Bascaules does at Ch. Margaux. In 2023, several Burgundy producers highlighted having to do multiple passes to reduce the crop – doing what was sometimes referred to as a “pink” or “blue” harvest on top of a green harvest. Canopy management: A vine’s leaves are its engine – responsible for photosynthesis. The larger the canopy, the larger the engine, therefore trimming the vine’s canopy can help lower its vigour, while keeping a larger leaf area can help encourage vigour. This needs to be considered alongside airflow (to avoid disease pressure) and shading of the bunches (which could delay ripening). If the canopy isn’t balanced with the volume of fruit, it can also negatively impact fruit composition – especially the acid make-up and development of colour and phenolics. Ivan Massonnat (Belargus) explained that in 2022 and 2023, for example, he used a high trellis, allowing a larger leaf area, to capture maximum light and photosynthesis to fuel the vines; but in 2022 he did the opposite, wanting to reduce the size of the “sugar machine”. It has, he notes, become common for large canopies to be used alongside low yields, especially by producers in Burgundy, something he feels has gone too far at certain addresses: “You can kill a wine with concentration,” he says. Some argue that trimming the canopy can encourage it to grow further, while others want to retain a large canopy to encourage root growth (Olivier Lamy feels that the vine has the same amount of growth above and below ground, therefore wanting to retain his canopy to the roots to drive deep into the soil). Lamy is one of a cohort of producers using “tressage”, or braiding, to tame the canopy – a technique pioneered by Lalou Bize-Leroy. For her the aim is to avoid cutting the apex (or growing tip) which would otherwise encourage the growth of lateral shoots. Producers such as Charles Lachaux have taken this even further, training vines to a single stake (more common on the steep slopes of Priorat, Côte-Rôtie or the Mosel) and weaving the shoots into distinctive arches.  The relationship between yield and quality is undoubtedly a tricky one – and one that every producer I spoke to feels is deeply complex. We couldn’t touch on everything here (the tiny yields for botrytised sweet wines, for example, or typically higher yields used for sparkling wine), but there’s plenty to consider. While it remains clear that excessive yields can produce dilute wines, with so many variables play, it’s also clear that less isn’t always better. Read more Editorial

Burgundy’s vignerons were blessed with quantity in 2023, but – when it comes to making fine wine – how much is too much? We spoke to a host of top producers to find out if low yields really do mean better quality

Do low yields really mean better quality when it comes to wine? We talk to Ch. Margaux, Cerbaiona, Eglise-Clinet, Belargus, Dunn, Myriad and more to find out

Understanding yield and quality in wine

Yield and quality: is less really more?

Auxey-Duresses is, at best, sleepy. As I rolled into the village on Monday morning, the streets were empty in the grey of a rainy winter’s day – just one retiree trundling slowly toward the boulangerie. But here, in this quiet corner of Burgundy, lies the home of Maison Leroy.  A visit to the négociant arm of the Leroy empire is a chance to look behind the curtain at one of Burgundy’s greatest properties, and the allure of such an audience doesn’t fade – even now, on my 12th visit. The wines are remarkable – and rapidly vanish into the cellars of eager collectors as soon as they’re released.  Despite the prestige of this address and its wines, however, it’s a humble, rural Burgundy charm that reigns supreme. Soon after I arrive, the phone rings – it’s Madame Lalou Bize-Leroy herself calling from the south of France to say hello, apologising that she can’t be there herself and hoping that the wines are showing well. There’s no pretence or politics, just modest and unassuming politesse.  And that style is characterised by the building itself. The Maison feels like a home – one that hasn’t changed for 30 years, with stacks of books squirrelled into every corner and the walls lined with articles, photos, reviews and other mementos. One could spend hours exploring this living archive. In amongst every issue of Bettane & Desseauve’s guide and issues of the Wine Spectator stretching back to the 1990s, there’s a picture of Bize-Leroy with Nixon, while nearby there’s a hand-written note from one Bob Parker.  Each year the Maison releases its annual collection – not just the latest vintage but a curated selection from the house’s extensive reserves, all hand-selected by Lalou Bize-Leroy herself. In September, she and her team start preparing the list, tasting endlessly to decide which wines should be set free into the world the following year. And there is an extensive back-catalogue to choose from – Bize-Leroy has been buying the very best parcels she can find for half a century. Over four months, the team decides what to release – wines that are drinking well or showing something that catches Bize-Leroy’s eye (or, more accurately, her palate).  While each collection used to be extensive, the releases have become increasingly focused. This year sees 10-15 reds and whites – and is particularly appealing to the wine geek. The collection is dominated mainly by 2017 reds and 2018 whites, however each one is paired with a more mature vintage of the same wine (or as close to as possible), stretching back to 1970. Inevitably, the older vintages are available in tiny volumes – but they’re testament to how age-worthy these “mere” négociant bottlings are.  Tasting through the range, the 2017 reds were a particular highlight. Even at 10am it was a challenge to resist swallowing – they are irresistible with their pure, crunchy fruit, so fresh and delicate with great persistence and complexity. The 2018 whites, meanwhile, from a warmer year are only just entering their drinking window and will gain with more time in the cellar.  Last year we couldn’t make it out with Covid restrictions, so it was all the more special to be back at Leroy this week. Emerging once more on Auxey-Duresses’s unassuming streets, I left even more in awe of this amazingly humble address.  Tasting notes: the Maison Leroy 2022 collection White 2018 Bourgogne Blanc: A pale lime-tinged colour, Maison Leroy’s 2018 Bourgogne Blanc is a bit shy at first, but with air opens up to reveal a fresh, floral nose. On the palate, the wine broadens, with layers building in the mouth to bring richness and stone-fruit notes. There’s a slight puppy fat to the texture at present, but this is lifted by vibrant acidity, making for a moreish wine overall. This is very different to last year’s sharper-angled 2017; the 2018 is a much more gourmand wine that will go beautifully with food. Drinking well now, it will age eight to 10 years without breaking a sweat. 2018 Saint-Aubin: Golden and concentrated in colour versus the Bourgogne Blanc, the 2018 Saint-Aubin has a profound, expressive nose – with limey tension. The palate is driven by a mouth-watering salinity, complemented by layers of vibrant citrus – blood orange, lemon and grapefruit – on show. Harmonious and balanced, the finish is long. Might need more time to reveal its full potential, but there’s no doubt that the potential is there.  2018 Meursault: Maison Leroy’s 2018 Meursault is attractive and concentrated with ripe, juicy white peach pulled fresh from a tree in the summer. But it’s far from simple fruit here – with honeycomb and grapefruit adding to the overall profundity. On the palate, there’s incredible tension between the ripeness of the 2018 vintage and a mineral acid backbone. Very vibrant and approachable, this offers depths that defy its status as a village wine. As with the Saint-Aubin, it will offer more with time in bottle.  2018 Meursault, Premier Cru, Les Genevrières: A step up from the village Meursault, the Premier Cru Genevrières offers even more concentration. The deep, complex nose is full of yellow stone-fruit, white blossom and hints of hazelnut. On the palate, it’s mouthcoating, but the concentration is not overblown – there’s precision and focus, with a saline mid-palate and mouth-watering acidity to complement the wine’s generosity. The finish is impressive, combining sharp-angled freshness and the wine’s sumptuous volume. This is built to age but is approachable now. 2014 Chassagne-Montrachet, Premier Cru, Les Chenevottes: The 2014 Chenevottes is expressive on the nose – it’s a wine with a lot to say. There’s a hint of reduction, but beyond that layer upon layer of aromas is revealed, showing different facets. Floral, lime and orange notes evolve on the palate, developing into deeper stone-fruit, ginger and honeysuckle. There’s a wash of salinity on the long finish that lifts the wine. Totally approachable now, this will age effortlessly for 10-15 years. Red 2018 Bourgogne Rouge: The 2018 Bourgogne Rouge from Maison Leroy is beautiful – punching well above the weight of its modest appellation. The nose is poised, perfumed and delicate – with expressive dried rose petals dancing against a backdrop of pure raspberry, wild strawberry and cherry fruit. There’s great density on the mid-palate, the alcohol and tannins seamlessly integrated with vibrant acidity from this warm vintage. It’s our favourite release of the cuvée for several years. 2017 Côte de Beaune Villages: Maison Leroy’s Côte de Beaune Villages is a blend of village fruit; while the exact blend is never disclosed, it can span the whole Côte, from Maranges to Beaune. The nose of the 2017 is exuberant, with sweeter and darker fruit than the Bourgogne Rouge, while a hint of smokiness gives a savoury edge. It’s both fresh and dense on the palate – there’s underlying power, yet the fine tannins make it feel light on its feet. The finish is long, laden with crunchy fruit. Very approachable now.  1997 Côte de Beaune Villages: The 1997 is remarkably dense in colour, with mature aromas of cured meat and very concentrated dark fruit. From a riper vintage versus the 2017, the richness of the fruit is evident here, however there’s still good balance on the palate with plenty of acidity and resolved tannins. It’s at a beautiful point of maturity, unlikely to gain from further ageing, but there’s no rush – with sufficient density to hold for five to 10 years. 2018 Savigny-lès-Beaune: This Savigny-lès-Beaune is deliciously enticing – a nose of archetypal, crunchy sour cherry. While it’s red fruit that draws you in on the nose, the palate shows a more serious side, with complexity building in layers. Freshness and finesse runs through the palate, with a vibrant acid backbone and lifted finish. Verry attractive and approachable, this is a superb, moreish wine that will keep you reaching for more.  2018 Beaune, Premier Cru, Les Montrevenots: This vineyard borders Pommard, sitting just above Beaune Clos des Mouches on a gentle southwest-facing slope. This Premier Cru site instantly shows more depth than the village wines, with an expressive, multi-layered nose with shifting cherry, blackberry, plum and wild strawberry aromas and an alluring hint of smoke. On the palate, the vibrant red fruit and freshness of this site and youthful Pinot Noir mingles with the ripe and serious dark-fruited side of the 2018 vintage. Beautifully balanced, this can be drunk now but will evolve nicely for 10 years or more. 2017 Nuits-Saint-Georges: The shift to the Côte de Nuits is instantly noticeable here. The wine has a deep colour and more austere, serious nose – with dark-fruited power accented by lighter white pepper spice and florals. On the palate, layers of bramble fruit build to create a concentrated and structured wine. There’s a firmer tannic backbone as is typical of Nuits-Saint-Georges, without being overly grippy. With underlying power, this is an aristocrat. The depth and balance here offers great potential, hold onto this for 15 to 20 years at least. 2017 Chambolle-Musigny: This is still beautifully aromatic on the nose, with a delicate, lace-like array of fruit and florals. This is pretty and refined, yet with underlying powerful. There’s a lot happening on the palate, with a certain juiciness balanced by tannins that are already beautifully silken. Despite the supple tannic structure, this feels like a baby – and will only deliver more with time in bottle. The length is stunning, lasting for minutes. Punching well above village level, this was a new favourite in the line-up – and one of the most promising in the range. 2017 Gevrey-Chambertin: This was the most concentrated wine in the line-up – both in terms of colour and aroma. Combining depth, complexity and power, this is impressive, with a multidimensional nose that keeps evolving in the glass, showing different facets from sweet cherry to gentle sweet spice and floral notes. The palate is turbo-charged – mouth-filling and generous, yet all the while retains superb balance. The tannins are chewy and plentiful, yet all wrapped in silk, bringing an overall impression of finesse. There’s incredible length, with a fresh, juicy finish. As with the Chambolle, this will only improve in bottle. It’s interesting to taste it side by side with the Chambolle-Musigny, each anchored in their terroir, but sharing finesse, poise and elegance. Discover more about Maison Leroy or read more Editorial 

Ahead of the 2022 releases from Maison Leroy, our Fine Wine Buying + Partner Director Corentin Margier visited the producer’s headquarters – an unassuming address that belies the greatness of the wines that emerge from its cellars 

Exploring the 2022 releases from the Maison Leroy's headquarters – an unassuming address that belies the greatness of the wines that emerge from its cellars

Exploring Maison Leroy, a humble home 

Maison Leroy: a humble home

The 2023 vintage was rare for Burgundy – offering both quantity and quality. But it isn’t quite that simple, with an atypical growing season, almost too much fruit, and a less homogenous crop. We report on the vintage and its wines – the best of which are remarkable

The 2023 vintage was rare for Burgundy – offering both quantity and quality. We report on the growing season and the wines it produced

Burgundy 2023 vintage overview

Burgundy 2023: vintage overview

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