Dagli inizi nel Beaujolais negli anni ’80, il movimento del vino naturale è diventato un fenomeno globale. Ma quale influenza ha avuto poco più a nord, nelle storiche denominazioni della Borgogna? Simon J Woolf esplora il confine sempre più sfumato tra viticoltura classica e naturale

From Beaujolais to Burgundy, how has the natural wine movement shaped a terroir-driven region? For FONDATA Simon J Woolf explores the changing landscape.

Natural Wine’s Influence on Burgundy

Natura vs. Intervento: la ricerca della vera identità della Borgogna

It has been an exceptional few weeks for FINE+RARE events. From Hong Kong to London, Milan to the Scottish Highlands, this run of extraordinary occasions – each distinct in character – has been united by the thread that runs through everything we do: bringing people closer to the world's most exceptional wines and spirits in settings that do them justice. Tiberio Dinner Table by Sandy Keung, Hong Kong — Wednesday 21 May The run began with one of the most eye-opening evenings of recent weeks, centred on the wines of Tiberio, the Abruzzo estate whose commitment to a no-oak philosophy — for both fermentation and ageing, with the sole exception of Archivio — continues to challenge assumptions about what Italian wine can achieve without the influence of wood. The evening opened with three vintages of Fonte Canale: 2016, 2018 and 2023. The 2023 drew immediate attention — many guests found it hard to believe that a wine of such depth and power had not seen any oak influence whatsoever. Vibrant acidity and a clear capacity for long-term ageing were immediately apparent. The 2016, with more time in bottle, had moved into more evolved territory, displaying nutty and dried fruit notes while retaining impressive freshness. The 2018 proved a wonderful companion to the mixed clam dish, its texture and salinity enhancing the natural sweetness of the seafood. Among the whites, the standout for many was the Quarmari 2023 — exceptionally aromatic, revealing layers of beeswax, jasmine, caramel, lemon cream, basil and sweet spice. It was universally appreciated around the table, with some guests going so far as to compare its quality and presence to Corton-Charlemagne. The reds were equally compelling. Four vintages of Colle Vota — 2014, 2018, 2019 and 2021 — demonstrated remarkable depth and character across the board. Full-bodied and structured, with pronounced notes of dark fruits, liquorice, cedar, cinnamon and spice, the 2018 and 2021 in particular showed great power and concentration, their style subtly reminiscent, for some guests, of Château de Tours from Rayas. Paired with the lamb neck course, these wines were in their element. What surprised many most was that, despite their weight and complexity, not one had been aged in oak — a testament to the intrinsic power and expression of old vines. The inaugural 2014 vintage of Colle Vota was a particularly memorable moment. Despite showing early tertiary notes, it retained excellent fruit, freshness and structure, offering a compelling demonstration of the outstanding ageing potential these old-vine wines possess. It was an evening that left a very strong impression on everyone present, and a powerful reminder that great winemaking is, above all, about the vine and the land. Update by Jonathan Leung, Sales Manager, Hong Kong Castello di Ama — Vigneto Bellavista Vertical Dinner The River Café, London — Thursday 18 June One of the most memorable evenings of the year so far took place at The River Café, where proprietor Lorenza Sebasti guided a remarkable retrospective of Castello di Ama's Bellavista — the estate's defining wine, drawn from one of the highest and most historic sites in Gaiole in Chianti. Presented across nine vintages spanning more than three decades, from 1990 through to the newly released 2022, the dinner offered a rare opportunity to explore both the evolution and the extraordinary consistency of one of Tuscany's great wines. The oldest vintages were deeply impressive. The 1990, 1995, 2004 and 2006 demonstrated that great Chianti Classico belongs among the world's most ageworthy wines, maintaining freshness, detail and vivacity decades after harvest. For many around the table, however, the greatest surprise came from the 2011 — universally praised and the favourite of numerous guests — which has now entered an ideal drinking window, combining maturity, complexity and harmony in a way that rewards the patience Bellavista has always asked of its admirers. Among the younger vintages, the 2018 impressed for its purity and transparency, while the 2021 and 2022 elevated the conversation further. Both displayed remarkable polish, power and refinement alongside the freshness that has become an increasingly important hallmark of the site. It was the 2022 Bellavista that generated the greatest excitement. Awarded a perfect 100-point score by Antonio Galloni, the wine was the subject of considerable discussion throughout the evening, though the consensus was clear: the score tells only a small part of the story. What made the 2022 so fascinating was what it represents — a convergence of decades of technical progress, viticultural understanding and winemaking refinement in a single wine. It possessed concentration and potency, but delivered these with remarkable elegance, precision and energy. More than any previous vintage tasted, it felt like a blueprint for the future of the estate. Throughout the evening, Lorenza and Arturo offered invaluable personal reflections on the evolution of Castello di Ama, transforming the dinner from a vertical tasting into a living history of one of Italy's great estates. The River Café, with its understated elegance and deep connection to Italian cuisine, proved the perfect setting. The main takeaway was a simple truth: Bellavista is one of Italy's great wines, and only growing in stature and completeness. Across more than thirty years, through changing vintages and shifting climates, it has maintained a consistency of purpose and identity that very few wines anywhere in the world can match. Update by Dara de Lacy, Senior Sales Manager, UK EAWCO Rarities Selection — Bowmore & Springbank Masterclass FINE+RARE HQ, London A masterclass that set the bar high from the very first pour. We were delighted to welcome Christian Leusder, founder and owner of East Asia Whisky Company, to FINE+RARE headquarters for an evening dedicated to some of the rarest independent bottlings in existence. East Asia Whisky Company has been a longstanding and deeply valued partner of FINE+RARE. An exclusive independent bottler built on principles of understatement, exclusivity and meticulous attention to detail, EAWCO's portfolio spans blue-chip distilleries including Macallan, Bowmore, Springbank, Chichibu and Caroni. They remain the only independent bottler to have released multiple successful Mizunara cask bottlings from these houses — releases that have, remarkably, achieved higher prices than the original distillery bottlings of the same vintages. Christian guided guests through the history of the company before leading a tutored exploration of five extraordinarily rare expressions from Bowmore and Springbank: Bowmore PX Mizunara, 31 Year Old Bowmore Japan Edition, 30 Year Old Springbank Lumen Refill Sherry, 30 Year Old Springbank Yokai Series Asanoha Dragon, 24 Year Old Springbank Yokai Series Yurei (Ghost) Cat, 25 Year Old With a few surprises woven in along the way, the evening was a genuine privilege — one of those rare tastings where every bottle opened carries real weight and significance. For those who were unable to attend, a small number of these bottlings remain available, though given how few exist, they are being offered very selectively. All come very highly recommended. Update by Morgan Richards, Senior Account Manager An Extraordinary Journey Through Bordeaux's Greatest Estates Trattoria de La Trebia, Milan — Tuesday 23 June In Milan, an evening of extraordinary ambition brought together a side-by-side exploration of the 2012 and 2014 vintages through Bordeaux's most celebrated First Growth estates and the legendary Petrus. Far more than a tasting, this was a rare opportunity for guests to compare the expression of each château across two very different vintages — discovering how terroir, philosophy and vintage character shape wines that stand among the finest ever produced. The lineup was nothing short of remarkable. Across both vintages, guests tasted Château Margaux, Château Cheval Blanc, Château Haut-Brion, Petrus, Château Lafite Rothschild, Château Mouton Rothschild and Château La Mission Haut-Brion — fourteen wines in all, representing the very pinnacle of Bordeaux winemaking. The tasting was complemented by an exclusive five-course menu designed by the culinary team at Trattoria de La Trebia, crafted to enhance and showcase each wine served throughout the evening. If one wine captured the room above all others, it was the Château Haut-Brion 2012. Explosive from the first moment, with blackcurrant, smoke and herbs, it simply grew in the glass — every passing minute revealing more power, richness and intensity. Full-bodied, multi-layered and framed by wonderfully chewy tannins, this is a wine of real charm: approachable now yet built to last another twenty years with ease. A blend of 65.5% Merlot, 32.5% Cabernet Sauvignon and 2% Cabernet Franc, it offers extraordinary quality for its level — the kind of Haut-Brion that gives joy from the very first sip. Not to be missed. The Château Margaux 2012 also showed beautifully, drawing considerable admiration from guests throughout the evening. Designed for collectors, enthusiasts and connoisseurs alike, the dinner brought together extraordinary wines, great conversation and a shared passion for excellence — everything a FINE+RARE evening in Italy should be. Update by Jonathan Bruni, Sales Director, Continental Europe Visit to Hazelwood House Speyside, Scotland — Thursday 25 to Friday 26 June The series closed with something truly special: a private, two-day visit to Hazelwood House, the Gordon family home in the Scottish Highlands and the inspiration behind the House of Hazelwood collection — one of the world's greatest inventories of aged and rare Scotch whisky. Over two days, a small group of guests were given rare access to a world that very few ever see: private tours of the Balvenie and Glenfiddich distilleries, a whisky tasting drawn from House of Hazelwood's private reserves, a Gordon family archive session led by archivist Andy Fairgrieve, and an evening of wine, whisky and storytelling over a four-course dinner at the house itself — each course paired with exceptional wines from FINE+RARE alongside whiskies of extraordinary age and provenance. It was the kind of experience that simply cannot be replicated — not just rare access, but a genuine connection to the family, the place and the history from which these remarkable whiskies come. These past few weeks have captured everything we love about what we do at FINE+RARE – connecting people with the world's most remarkable wines and spirits, in the most exceptional settings, surrounded by the stories and the people that bring them to life.  We look forward to sharing what lies ahead for the rest of the year. Interested in joining us at future events? We are pleased to announce that it is now possible to browse, book and purchase event tickets directly through our website, with all tickets viewable in your portfolio. Get in touch with your account manager or visit frw.co.uk/events to see what's coming up — we'd love to see you at the next one.

Tiberio in Hong Kong, Castello di Ama and rare whiskies in London, First Growth Bordeaux in Milan and a private Scottish estate — a glimpse of our events programme week to week. Plus, you can now purchase event tickets directly through our website.

From a Tiberio dinner in Hong Kong to rare whiskies in Scotland, a look back at recent FINE+RARE tastings, dinners and experiences.

Looking back at our recent events

Sitting opposite us, the dark-suited, dark-haired figure waved an elegant hand at the bottle of white Burgundy which he’d just fished out of a carrier bag and planted on the table with the air of a conjuror at a party. “You’ll like this,” he said; it was a statement, not a suggestion, delivered in a faint accent with American overtones and a hint of gutturality. In this totally unremarkable West London pub, a bottle of Meursault looked as out of place as a KGB officer. Which he was. We did like it, of course, who wouldn’t? It made the greasy steak and chips almost bearable, and was one of the best wines I’d ever tasted at that point in my life. I was 33 that year, 1978, and as a newish BBC foreign correspondent I wasn’t particularly well paid. He’d brought the Meursault with him to show us how sophisticated he was, and to counter the blandness of the food. But why had he suggested The Mitre as a place for lunch? It was handy for the Soviet embassy up the road, certainly; but I realised that the real attraction for him was the high-backed seats that enclosed our table and kept our conversation private. Sergei was a major in the KGB, masquerading as a press attaché. The habit of secrecy was deeply ingrained in him. The Meursault started to work on my companion, a gossipy, amusing, slightly naïve BBC executive. It worked on me, too, but under the influence of alcohol I tend to go quiet and introverted. Not so Harry. He delivered the brief lecture about Soviet harassment of our Moscow correspondent which he’d been planning. It wasn’t bad, but it didn’t make Sergei burst into tears. On the contrary. “Ah, yes, the famous Declan.” Sergei managed to put the accent on the second syllable. “Such good Russian. A pity he wastes his time hanging around those drop-outs and wastrels.” I was particularly impressed by ‘wastrels’. “I suppose you mean dissidents,” I said, pushing my glass across for more Meursault. The label read ‘1968’; the Soviet embassy must have had a superb cellar. Sergei laughed scornfully and poured. “I hear Declan’s marriage isn’t going so good now,” he said. “Ah, no, his wife left him for an airline pilot,” Harry replied, giggling. I kicked him sharply: you didn’t feed personal details about your colleagues to KGB officers. “What?” Harry said, looking at me. We saw the bottle out. Sometimes I think I can still taste that rich, green-gold collection of butter, almond, citrus and, could it have been, or is it just my imagination after more than 40 years, hints of bracken and mayflower. At the end, we stood up and shook hands. “So you’ll go easy on Declan from now on?” Harry said. “Well, Declan must stop creating bad propaganda against the Soviet Union.” He had a good ear: this time the accent was on the first syllable. Sergei turned in the direction of the embassy, and we headed back to Television Centre. “Bloody good wine those Russkies can afford,” Harry said, and gave his high-pitched laugh.For journalists and spies, booze is a famous lubricant, a fuel, even. I came from a teetotal background, yet when I started as a foreign correspondent I soon found myself ordering a glass of single malt as a means of self-protection, while someone I was trying to pump for information opened up and talked in a way he or she never would if I’d ordered a Britvic orange. Yet there were exceptions. In Belfast and Derry, where I started my reporting career, the leaders of the Provisional IRA were mostly ultra-Catholic and never drank a drop; and as I branched out and began reporting on the Middle East, I found that organisations like Hezbollah and the followers of the Ayatollah were as teetotal as I had once been. There were no bars to meet them in, either. Fortunately, though, cities like Cairo and Beirut were more sophisticated. I soon found that anywhere with a sizeable Christian population, Egypt and Lebanon, of course, but also Syria, Iraq and westernised countries like Turkey and Pakistan, made allowances for thirsty westerners and permitted them to drink, even if in cities like Peshawar you had to sign a big leather volume and register yourself as an alcoholic. The bar in the old Commodore Hotel in Beirut was a wonderful centre for professional alcoholics of this kind. I first went there in June 1982, when West Beirut was under hourly attack from Israeli planes and tanks, and there were no shelters to protect us. The presiding spirit of the place was a correspondent called Chris Drake, a hospitable soul who dispensed booze and information even-handedly. When the barrage was going on, it would have been suicidal to leave the Commodore, and the building shuddered to every nearby explosion. Chris Drake had a parrot, and when the bar was packed in the evening with journalists glad to still be alive, it would imitate the sound of a shell in flight with startling accuracy. Most of the people there, not me, thank God, had walked into the bar on their first night, heard the parrot’s hugely convincing whistle, and thrown themselves on the floor shouting “Incoming!”. There would be a roar of laughter, and someone would help them up and offer them a glass of arak, an infusion of grapes and the seeds of the anise plant. I acquired a real taste for arak at that time, and I still think of that slightly oily, metallic, liquorice-tasting liquid hitting the back of my throat and burning its way down. A few years later, during another upsurge of fighting, the Commodore was heavily shelled by the Syrian army. The building was destroyed, and no trace of the parrot was ever found. When peace was restored and there was money around, the Commodore was rebuilt, much bigger and more glitzy, but the architect designed a new bar precisely where the old one had once been. You can still see the space on the floor where many a famous journalist measured his length when the parrot did its party trick. I took my wife and 13-year-old son there a couple of years ago, and one afternoon, when the bar was empty, my son insisted on re-enacting the whole thing. In China, things were different. Meetings with underground figures usually took place at their homes or outdoors, given the fear of surveillance. I often chose Ritan Park in Beijing, where teahouses served pu-erh tea and offered a discreet place to talk. By contrast, official meetings required alcohol, specifically Maotai, a fierce baijiu distilled from sorghum at over 50% ABV. At one banquet, after being insulted by a local Party official, I tried to outdrink him. The plan failed, he had help, but we still ended the night collapsed together, singing in two languages. The next day, I was told this had enhanced British prestige. Countries where alcohol is banned present different challenges. In Taliban-controlled Afghanistan, I smuggled in a 27-year-old bottle of Laphroaig disguised as Fanta, only to pour it down the toilet when soldiers began searching rooms for alcohol. They never entered mine. After the fall of the Soviet Union, I tried to track Sergei down but never found him. Before that, though, I had taken my revenge by signing him up to every unwanted mailing list I could find, encyclopaedias, dubious magazines, and more inventive subscriptions besides. It made me feel very good.And yet, if I imagine meeting him again, I always picture the same thing: Sergei standing in the doorway, holding a superb bottle of Meursault. For that, at least, I’ve always been grateful. This article was written by John Simpson, who reflects on his experiences reporting across the world, and the role alcohol has played in the art of face-to-face reconnaissance. Illustrations by Natsko Seki. Originally published in FONDATA, Issue Two.

BBC world affairs editor John Simpson reflects on reporting from conflict zones, recalling memorable bars, encounters and the role alcohol plays in the subtle art of face-to-face reconnaissance.

BBC world affairs editor John Simpson on bars, encounters and how alcohol shapes reporting, trust and intelligence gathering worldwide.

John Simpson on bars, spies and the art of reporting

Refuge,  refreshment & reconnaissance

Every now and then, the word ‘singularity’ is used to describe a particular wine that stands apart, for whatever reason, from other wines of its type. But just what is singularity, and how can wine express it? Wine writer Tamlyn Currin investigates.

What makes a wine truly singular? Tamlyn Currin explores the rare bottles that defy convention and challenge the rules of the wine world.

Searching for Singularity in wine

Searching for Singularity

Christian Patat is one of Italy’s busiest and most successful vignerons working with his wife at top Friuli estate, Ronco del Gnemiz, as well as working with Enzo Pontoni, vigneron extraordinaire, at the legendary Miani estate. He also works as a consultant winemaker for many properties producing wines from all over Italy. Most recently he has been involved in an old vine project with long-term friend and fellow Friulian, Marco Simonit – famed for his work protecting old vines all over the world most particularly at the legendary estates of Yquem, Leroy and Louis Roederer.

We caught up with Christian to talk more about L’Età Più Bella (With Age Comes Beauty), which is set to release its first collection of wines from top sites in Friuli next month. His insight into the Friuli region is a great starting point to understanding Italy’s mecca for white wine.
 Can you describe what you think is so special about the Friuli region for wine production?  "Friuli is one of the most complex scenarios in the wine world given the unheard of combination of grape varietals, soil identities and climatic challenges. I’ll try to explain from the inside. The wide number of varietals is provided by different waves of invasion, such as
the French (at the time of Napoleon) and the Austrians (in the same period of Napoleon
but they stayed for much longer); these invasions explain why we have so many 
Bordeaux varietals (Merlot, Cab Franc, Cab Sauvignon, Carmenere) and others of
French origin such as Pinot Blanc, Pinot Gris, Chardonnay and Sauvignon. "The arrival of these 'imported' wines did not cancel out the presence of local varietals such as Ribolla Gialla, Refosco, Schioppettino, Pignolo and Tocai Friulano. The Austrians also did their part leaving some Traminer and Riesling so that the picture is composed as it is today.  "Until the ‘60s, Friuli was a poor region and the vineyards were in the hands of small growers selling locally and with no real commercial plan and having the ability to offer a wide range of wines gave more options to sell to occasional customers. For this reason, the Friulians never gave up any of these varietals and when the DOC was finally in place they were all included.  "In terms of soils there is a significant difference between the flat appellations (Grave del Friuli, Isonzo, Aquileia) and the hillside appellations (Collio, Friuli Colli Orientali, Carso). The flat area is basically made of gravelly soils, the hillside is basically marl (locally called PONCA and geologically called FLYSH), obtained by the sea pushing in the direction of the mountains and creating slates of chalk, limestone and clay, all of which are agglomerated in various percentages and sometimes within the same vineyard, providing an incredibly complex subsoil.  "This complexity is augmented by the fragility of the structure which is very prone to erosion and obliges the growers to cultivate on terraces in order to minimize the impact of the water. This way of growing the plants generates very high costs and consequently low yields given the limited density of plantation (i.e. the average density on a modern planting in hillside Friuli can reach about 6.500 plants/ha which is much less than what can be achieved in Burgundy with an average of 10.000 plants/ha), and makes virtually impossible machine harvesting and other mechanical intervention.  "To complicate this picture, Friuli has the highest amount of rain in Italy which means that growing grapes can be a real challenge, but the ponca soil has a high degree of draining, so to avoid issues and diseases caused by excessive water close to the roots. All this being said, the real peculiarity comes from the soil itself which can be a magical balance of minerally driven characters, with enough structure to provide full-bodied wines and that’s the
reason why white and red varietals are grown in the same place." What varieties do you think perform the best in Friuli and why?  "You may have different answers if you ask different growers but personally I think that among white wines I would go for Friulano (Tocai) because it expresses very well the different sites and shows better than any other varietal the balance of richness and saltiness.  "Apart from Friulano I would pick Sauvignon Blanc because I see it as a possible third way
between Loire and New Zealand. More aromatic than in France with richer body
and more minerally driven than in New Zealand.  "And finally, if you are lucky enough to have well-aged vines Chardonnay can also do surprisingly well in cold sites. Among reds I would pick Merlot and Cabernet Franc given their tendency to ripen on the late side (same timing as Pomerol and Saint Emilion) and to
provide low yields and concentration without losing freshness and spice. Also, Refosco can do very well bringing a Syrah-like spiciness and a full body but it needs to be grown in very well-suited spots. Can you describe the last few vintages and qualify them?  
"2018 was a very sunny and dry vintage, driving to early ripening of some of the whites such as Sauvignon (starting date of harvest 23rd of August) but quite interesting for reds given that the month of September was quite fresh and dry so to give a larger window to pick the reds at the right level of ripening. 2019 was much cooler (starting date of harvest 1st of September) but quite ideal for whites with lively acidities and good concentration. Reds were also fine but some later rain in September affected a bit the possibility of fully ripe tannins so I would consider it as quite average." 
10 DOCs, 4 DOCGs, 30 different varieties, it can be difficult to know where to start exploring the wines of the region. Can you advise?  "Diversity can be fascinating but it can also turn into a nightmare given that you have to add also the wide difference of styles available (stainless steel crisp white wines, barrel fermented Burgundy oriented, orange wines with maceration on the skins…). I cannot really advise on this as I find all this diversity as a real limit to communicate the character of the region, but on the other hand I have to admit that there are very few wine regions in the world (maybe none) where you can find so many reasons of interest. That’s why more and more wine enthusiasts are travelling this way and fall in love with the complexity of these terroirs and
wines." 
Are all the fine wines of the region concentrated in one area or are they dotted all around?  
"90% of what we can call fine wines are made on the hillsides of Collio, Friuli Colli Orientali and Carso and very few are made in flat appellations such as Isonzo." 
Friuli-Venezia Giulia comes across as quite independent from the rest of Italy, why is this?  "I think a whole history of invasions (Romans, Longobardians, Venetians, Austrians, French) has created a sense of self protection. More than this after the Second World War Friuli has turned from a poor region into one of the very wealthy and productive areas of Italy, due to
the silent and consistent attitude for hard work of the Friulians. They have been able to turn it into a well-kept secret and make a pride of it." How long have you worked at Miani?  "I started in 1991 helping him in decision-making at the time of the final blending and taking on my shoulders all the commercial aspects that he did not want to manage." What makes the wines from these top wineries stand out?  "I don’t know if they stand out but what I can surely say that we both apply a tireless dedication and passion to what we do. We both consider single sites and soils more important than varietals and we have the ambition to 'bottle a place' more than a wine." Who has been your biggest inspiration in life and as a vigneron and why?  "My father, a real bon vivant, who put me in contact with great wines since I was still very young and created in my mind the quest for quality in every aspect of my life. My fascination for great wines came from him, just watching his excitement when receiving his annual allocation of Champagne Salon or Monte Vertine (to name a few) and the pleasure he used to take in sharing with friends.  "Then my wife who despite challenges, family issues, economical limitations never gave up looking for the best possible wine here at Gnemiz, loving this place and respecting it as a living treasure and not just as an instrument. Finally Enzo Pontoni at Miani who showed me how you can achieve your goals only with hard work and passion and how you can be the happiest man on earth just for the fact that you are doing exactly the work you want to do in the way you want to do it." How did you first get involved in L’Età Più Bella (With Age Comes Beauty), the old vine project?  "That was Marco Simonit's idea to involve me as we had experimented in the past and in some ways we started the project in the mid ‘90s, but at that time we were all too busy to follow up and we did not have a well-formed concept of what we could do… we were just youngsters…" What is so unique about the wines that have been produced under the L’Età Più Bella label?  "The goal was to explore the identity of various plots of very old vines, all of which were well placed with very good exposition and with an excellent quality of soil. The character which comes out from an old vineyard has a different kind of balance and texture, as we use to say, it is more a “wine of roots” than a “wine of sun”. That’s quite evident by the fact that old vines tend to ripen later than neighbouring young vines and suffer much less from potential water stress, producing more consistent wines of complexity and finesse. We were not looking for fruit bombs to impress but for refined and subtle characters and ageing potential."
 You are a philosopher and a jazz musician as well as a winemaker. Can you tell us more about these passions?  "That’s all too generous, in fact, I have none of these titles. I did not complete my studies in philosophy due to the sudden death of my father so I cannot call myself a philosopher. My passion for philosophy is due to my classics studies and when it was time to chose the University, my father suggested to go for philosophy because, he said, 'when you will
finish your study you will not find a job and can come to help me to sell some
wine!'  "That’s exactly what happened, just with the wrong circumstances. About jazz, I always wanted to become a piano player and I’ve studied a lot for this but in the end, I was not good enough to make a career and I quickly understood there was no point in dreaming of being the new Keith Jarrett, so I became a well trained amateur and I gave up playing in public.  "As for winemaking, I don’t have a formal education given that I had to work and did not have time to study at University, so I started a process of self-education in a kind of backwards process, from my instinctive ability to be a good taster, moving gradually to all the
knowledge which drives the production of wine, from the vineyards to the cellar.  "It took me years and the support of many friends who allowed me to verify my skills in their cellars. The results of my 'experiments' were very promising and convinced me to go deeper in my studies until the point of being able to take full responsibility for wine production as I’ve been doing for the last 20 years." Read more Editorial 

We caught up with Christian Patat to talk about his old-vine project with Marco Simonit – L’Età Più Bella – which will include its first collection of wines from top sites in Friuli this summer

Christian Patat on his old-vine project with Marco Simonit – L’Età Più Bella – which expands to include top sites in Friuli this summer

The wines of Friuli-Venezia Giuli

Christian Patat on the wines of Friuli-Venezia Giuli

The growing season in 2019, as is becoming the norm these days, started with a warm February and March, leading to an early budbreak at the beginning of April. An early budbreak leads to a nail-biting spring for the vignerons, where the window for frost damage is only extended. Fortunately, there were only a couple of occasions where temperatures dropped to dangerous levels, with most Chablis producers today well equipped either with smudge pots, electrical heating wires or water sprays to offset the frost damage.  At Long-Depaquit they lost just 5%, which was not a concern. Samuel Billaud notes that the frost was much more dangerous on the lower slopes of Chablis where damage was higher than the 1er Cru and Grand Cru sites which were largely undamaged. For Olivier Bailly, winemaker at Domaine Billaud Simon, it was not simply the direct damage of the frosts (particularly on the night of 14th April) but the resultant stress on the vine following the outbreak that saw yields further affected. However, the real issue in regard to yields, came down to flowering rather than frost, with a windy, rainy, wet period during May which meant yields were notably affected. This period led to a lot of heterogeneity in the bunches and also noticeable millerandage (which results in very small berries): this does not affect quality but markedly lowers yield. Unlike 2018, therefore, 2019 is a low-crop vintage with producers’ yields ranging from 20 to 40% below normal. Despite the poor flowering, the rest of the growing season was straightforward, with very little rain and plenty of sunshine, which meant excellent sanitary conditions in the vineyard with no rot at all and very little sorting required at picking. There were two short heatwaves, one at the end of June and another at the end of July, which did cause sunburn damage to exposed grapes but other than that, no sorting was required. Regarding temperatures and rainfall, it was similar to 2018 with average rainfalls down 50% on average. Temperatures were also a full 2.2 degrees above average during the growing season, which is quite extraordinary. When comparing the similar effects of drought and sunshine in the 2018 vintage, vignerons talked about how the high yields helped dilute the intensity of the sun. With half the crop, how did the grapes survive in 2019? Was this to be a low-acid vintage with abnormal tropical fruit tones like 2015 or 2003? Matthieu Mangenot, winemaker at Domaine Long-Depaquit, describes how something quite unusual happened. In the later part of the growing season, the grapes concentrated – with water in the berries evaporating from the skins. This increased sugar levels and therefore alcohol (typically to 13.4 to 13.8%, which is high for Chablis, but it concentrated the acid levels too. Despite the drought and heat, the acid levels sit close to great vintages such as 2008, 2014 and 2018, with a pH of 3.25 to 3.3 after malolactic fermentation. Olivier Bailly at Domaine Billaud Simon had even higher acidity levels (between 3.10 - 3.25 pH), stating, “It is the magic of Chablis to find Chardonnay retaining such acidity, despite the warm weather”.  The result is, as Mangenot told us, “undoubtedly a ripe, concentrated, powerful vintage, but with a freshness too, at the same time retaining real Chablis mineral typicity. It is a hot, warm vintage but it does not really behave like that in the glass.” The fruit ripeness is similar to ’15 – but there are no excess aromatics of over-ripeness or yellowness in the wine that is typical of the low-acid vintages like ’05 and ’06. The acid profile is much more like ’17, and very much still retaining a sense of place, avoiding the tropical fruit aromas of 2015. Samuel Billaud describes 2019 as “highly concentrated Chablis with sun-kissed aromatics – it is concentrated, with balanced structure and excellent minerality. It is a ‘gourmand’ [moreish] vintage, yet with tense, structural minerality.”  Our own impressions is there is no doubt a concentration and aromatic pungency to the wines, yet the nose retains the Chablis-esque chalky minerality and savoury dried-straw tone, as well as lifted floral aromatics. There is noticeable power, weight and warmth to the palate even on the Premiers Crus, with the top examples retaining mouth-watering acidity despite this opulence and concentration. They really have a wonderful combination of intensity and power, while retaining mineral typicity. Producers such as Samuel Billaud still has a majority of his 2019s undergoing élevage, with the Grands Crus left another six months in tank before being bottled. Despite them being babies the wines are already showing a lot of promise. Billaud compares his 2019s to the 2016s in terms of riper aromatics, but with much more concentration and minerality. It also has similarities to the 2017 vintage when it comes to structure and minerality, he says.  For Mangenot, the power and concentration allied with vibrant acidity and minerality makes this vintage hard to compare, “It doesn’t really taste like any other,” he says, “but for Chablis-lovers, it makes it a fascinating vintage to discover.” Read more Editorial

As the first Chablis 2019s are released, we talk to top producers in the region – including Samuel Billaud, Matthieu Mangenot from Domaine Long-Depaquit and Olivier Bailly from Domaine Billaud-Simon – about the vintage

We talk to top producers in the region Samuel Billaud, Domaine Long-Depaquit and Olivier Bailly from Domaine Billaud-Simon – about 2019 the vintage

2019 Chablis first look at the vintage

Chablis 2019: a first look at the vintage

What defines a fine wine? For many, it is a bottle’s ability to improve with age. A wine’s longevity is even seen, by some, as the ultimate measure of its quality. It’s true that aged wine can be some of the most memorable – capturing an essence of time that’s impossible to recreate. The ageing process can be central to a wine’s (or, for that matter, whisky’s) progression to another, unparalleled level of complexity. Yet how a wine ages remains something of a mystery to both winemakers and collectors. There is still a great deal of conjecture about how a wine will develop, why it does so, and whether it is even worth the wait. Unlike whisky, wine is much less stable on its journey into maturity. As Christian Moueix puts it, “Wine is a complex matrix of thousands of compounds suspended in a delicate equilibrium.” This equilibrium is fragile, age a potential threat and a wine’s trajectory therefore incredibly difficult to predict. There was a time when wine drinkers dismissed the New World. Today, fortunately, that’s not the case – and it’s rightfully acknowledged for producing fine wine. However, some snobbery remains. Drinkers tend – beyond a handful of the very top names – to drink New World wines much younger than their Old World counterparts. Ask any oenophile about the oldest bottle they’ve drunk, and we’d put money on it being from Europe – Bordeaux, Burgundy, the Mosel, Alsace or Douro. Of course, one element is undoubtedly availability. The traditions of drinking Bordeaux (even from modest châteaux), for example, at full maturity – 20 or 30 years down the line – is not uncommon, and these wines continue to be regularly traded among collectors. New World wines at full maturity are much more of a rarity. Many of the younger regions in the New World still haven’t had the chance to build up such an extensive back catalogue, yet the wines have everything they need to comfortably age as long as their counterparts. Burgundy maestro Jean-Marie Fourrier, who now also manages Mornington Peninsula winery Bass Phillip in Australia, is an advocate for New World wines’ ageability, with Bass Phillip’s Pinot Noirs a case in point. But he believes the reputation for a shorter drinking window is partly due to practical, economic necessity. “When you start making wine at a young winery, you need a quick turn over, a quick return on investment,” he says. Therefore, producers craft wines that can be drunk younger. It is only once a winery, or a region, is established that winemakers can afford to have a longer-term approach and deliberately make wines to age or hold back stock. In this respect, the established classical regions of Europe have hundreds of years of history to fall back on. Napa has long since proved its mettle producing wines that can age. But just what it is that allows a wine to improve with age has been a hot topic of conversation in the region for decades. Tor Kenward – of Tor Wines – recollects a conversation between himself, Robert Mondavi and another legendary Napa winemaker, André Tchelistcheff over 40 years ago. Sitting around a table, they were trying to determine the key factor that makes great wine age. Was it the winemaking? The quality or concentration of the grapes? Or was it all about harvesting at the right time? Tchelistcheff – who trained in Europe and, by this time, had been making wine in Napa for over four decades – contemplated the suggestions. High acid levels (low pH), high concentration of tannins and oxygen management were all tabled and, while he accepted all were important, for him, a great wine for ageing needed “flesh”. By this, recalls Kenward, he meant the grapes needed a certain type of ripeness – not over, not under, but perfect physiological ripeness. Forty years on and Kenward still believes Tchelistcheff was right, yet it is an aspect often forgotten in the discussion of a wine’s ability to age. Finding this perfect window of physiological ripeness can be a challenge in warmer regions, and a warming climate, and therefore remains an obstacle for much of the New World. These regions tend to be warmer than historically marginal wine-growing regions of Europe, and therefore grapes can ripen quickly, but with this fast ripening comes a risk of reaching sugar ripeness before the skins have had the necessary time to reach maturity. Christian Moueix is one of the world’s most experienced winemakers, having managed both Pétrus, Trotanoy and other top Pomerol estates, as well as Napa’s Dominus. He agrees with Tchelistcheff that picking the grapes at optimum ripeness is a hugely important factor when producing wines that can age. “If harvested too early, grapes have a smaller quantity of extractible phenolic compounds and […] may not have formed the longer chains and bonds that make them stable.” On the other hand, when overripe, “These phenolic compounds are degraded through oxidation.” For Moueix, the temperate climates in Europe are ideal for “developing and maintaining a high ratio of phenolic compounds”, whereas in many New World regions, there is a propensity for excessive heat, over-ripeness and therefore oxidative winemaking which he feels is, “likely to contribute to wines that age prematurely”. In warmer climates, Moueix believes, “extreme heat, enzymatic and physiochemical reactions degrade anthocyanins within the berry, lowering the concentration of total phenolic compounds and subsequently, the wine’s capacity to resist oxidation, leading to premature aging”. For Moueix, then, a temperate climate (whether in the New or Old World) is key to producing wines that can age. It is, he believes, the reason why Dominus ages so well. This corner of the southern Napa Valley is relatively mild, thanks to the San Pablo Bay’s cooling influence. This slows sugar accumulation and gives the berries time for the tannins to ripen. They also don’t use irrigation, putting the vines under more stress, producing small berries with high phenolic concentration. Like Moueix and Tchelistcheff, Fourrier believes picking dates and high concentration of tannins is important – but he ties this to vine age, rather than the microclimate. “As vines get older, the size of the berries gets smaller,” explains Fourrier. It is this that gives a high skin-to-juice ratio and natural concentration. For Fourrier, this natural concentration is what gives ageing potential – rather than any actions in the winery. All are in agreement that the ageing ability of red wines comes down to the quality of the berries, rich in anthocyanins (ideally then from older vines) and picked at the right time in order to extract them at their optimal level of ripeness. But these factors affect Old World producers as much as those in the New World. Paul Roberts – Master Sommelier and COO of Colgin in Napa – makes a compelling point that New World regions in the right climate regularly produce higher concentrations of tannins than the Old World’s cooler climates. In fact, they have to pay close attention to extract less tannin during the winemaking, not more, to maintain the balance in the wine for it to age. Colgin’s mountainside IX Estate vineyard on Pritchard Hill produces berries that are, on average, 30% smaller than those grown in Pauillac. Often, Roberts notes, Napa Cabernets have higher skin-to-juice ratios than the Bordeaux First Growths – and therefore much more “anti-oxidant” tannins than their Bordeaux counterparts. According to Moueix’s belief that it is the concentration of tannins and phenolics found in the skins that protects wine from oxidation and degradation, this should mean that top Napa wines have the potential to outlive Bordeaux wines at the top level. Andy Smith, winemaker at the Russian River’s DuMOL estate, makes some of the region’s top Pinot Noir and, like Colgin, has no shortage of tannins in his grapes. Compared to Burgundy, his Pinot Noir has smaller berries, “with uncommonly thick skins that create huge natural power if you choose to extract fully”. For Smith, “this leads to a potential for powerful, deep wines with high structure for aging, and high natural acidity”. Like Colgin, it is an overabundance of tannins that is more of a concern at DuMOL. “The key is balancing the extraction,” says Smith, “to take the positive and leave behind the excessive elements from the skins.” For leading Chilean winemaker Francisco Baettig (Errazuriz, Seña and Chadwick) it is an excess of tannin, and an excess of extraction in some more ambitious wines, in the New World that has tainted its reputation for producing wines with long ageing ability. “There was an obsession for creating monster wines, with lots of extraction, trying to extract as much tannin as possible,” Baettig notes, looking back 10-15 years. Many producers in Bordeaux were doing the same at the time, but the different climates – the same elements highlighted by Roberts and Moueix for leading to higher concentrations of tannin – influence the tannin and extraction. “In Chile with higher intensity and higher levels of ripeness, the extraction happens much quicker,” he explains. This resulted in over-extraction – “wines that were rough, too tannic and did not age well”. For New World producers, better tannin management is clearly key to producing wines that can age. Producers like Tor, Colgin, DuMOL and Baettig all believe gentle extraction of tannin and reducing the wines’ contact with oxygen is fundamental for ageing. In cooler, less sunny European climates, it could be argued that in the past, due to the less easily extracted tannins, producers could get a way with being a lot less precise in their tannin management. With this in mind, Baettig notes the Old World might need to learn from the New World, how best to adapt their winemaking to the effects of climate change – and, in many ways, they already are. Vignerons are already looking back at sunny vintages such as 2005 and 2010 (with high levels of extractable tannins) and questioned some producers’ apparent over-extraction of tannins, adapting accordingly in years like 2019 and ’20. The transformation of grapes into wine is magical; the secondary transformation that can take place with maturity is possibly even more extraordinary. However, a wine with so much promise can disappoint if left too long – a frail, bitter example of its former self. It is no surprise that many drinkers choose to avoid such risks and savour wines in their more muscular youth. There is a cultural change too. DuMOL’s Smith notes that the average US consumer is not particularly interested in ageing their Pinot Noir and questions whether ageing wine is an outdated notion. In a society that favours immediate gratification, modern consumers are impatient and few have cellars in their homes. And the savoury flavours that come with maturity aren’t to everyone’s tastes. “There’s a big difference between positive evolution, plateau-ing and the gradual downward slope of oxidation,” he says. “All wine ultimately wants to become vinegar!” Because of this, some winemakers are deliberately pulling back from making wines that peak at 20 years, instead looking to produce wines that will appeal in youth and peak closer to 10 years, since that’s what their customers want. Even the most tannic red wines from the more traditional regions are these days much more approachable in their youth, something that just wasn’t possible just a few years ago (as noted by Lisa Perrotti-Brown MW). Making fine wine is an art – and especially so when it comes to building a wine for the future. Choosing the perfect moment to pick in the given climate, as well as the right style and level of extraction in the winery will determine a wine’s ageability – but only if the underlying quality of fruit is sufficiently high. With better winemaking equipment, we no longer need to wait for tannins to soften to enjoy even the best Bordeaux or Napa. Does that mean you can’t age it for a half-century? Or that it won’t improve over that period? Absolutely not. Fine wine – from both the Old World and the New – arguably has a longer drinking window than ever before – giving us ever more chances to savour it. Read more Editorial

What allows a wine to last 10, 20 or 50 years? And why is there sometimes a perception that the New World’s wines can’t do this? Gavin Smith talks to Tor Kenward, Christian Moueix, Colgin’s Paul Roberts MS and more about the key to making fine wine for the cellar – and if it’s relevant today

We talk to Tor Kenward, Christian Moueix, Colgin’s Paul Roberts MS and more about the key to making fine wine for the cellar – and if it’s relevant today

How to make wine for the ages

Nel complesso, il raccolto 2024 è stato il più piccolo di Bordeaux dal 1991 – con la regione che ha prodotto 332 milioni di litri di vino. Ciò è in parte dovuto al calo della superficie vitata, con una resa media di 35 hl/ha – leggermente superiore a quella delle annate 2021, 2017 o 2013. Approfondendo, tuttavia, emerge una differenza significativa tra la Riva Sinistra e la Riva Destra – con 34,4 hl/ha a Saint-Emilion, Pomerol e Fronsac, contro una media di 30,8 hl/ha nel Médoc e nelle Graves. 
 È un anno in cui è difficile generalizzare, anche all’interno di ciascun comune, poiché tenute confinanti hanno prodotto risultati drasticamente diversi nell’annata. Come ha spiegato David Suire di Ch. Laroque, ci sono stati approcci molto vari alle sfide dell’anno, qualcosa che si riflette nei vini prodotti. 
 RIVE DESTRA 
 Quest’anno, ancora una volta, la Riva Destra ha offerto maggiore coerenza rispetto alla Sinistra. Sebbene sia stata comunque eterogenea, la dimensione più piccola delle tenute ha favorito il successo – rendendo più facile trattare e vendemmiare nelle strette finestre di tempo asciutto. Ovunque ci si trovasse, tuttavia, è stato un anno impegnativo: come ha detto Christian Moueix, “Il sole non si può sostituire.” Oltre al meteo più coperto, la grandine ha colpito Fronsac, Canon-Fronsac e Lalande-de-Pomerol a giugno, con alcune tenute che hanno perso l’intero raccolto, sebbene Pomerol e Saint-Emilion siano in gran parte scampate. 
 Pomerol 
 Per Noëmie Durantou (Ch. l’Eglise-Clinet), il 2024 è stato un avversario duro – ma uno contro cui sapeva di poter vincere, e ripensandoci, che partita è stata: come certamente indicano i suoi vini. Per lei, ci sono stati diversi elementi chiave nella stagione di crescita: la copertura nuvolosa che ha ridotto l’escursione termica (ricorda notti calde, insonni), l’invaiatura tardiva, le mattine nebbiose che hanno aumentato la pressione della botrite in prossimità della vendemmia e il livello di umidità dell’anno – 80% a Pomerol, contro un più normale 50-60%. 
 La grandine che ha colpito Lalande-de-Pomerol a giugno è sconfinata un po’ a Pomerol, ma la maggior parte delle tenute è sfuggita a impatti seri – con solo un leggero tocco avvertito a Lafleur a Feytit-Clinet, per esempio. Il trattamento delle vigne ha posto una sfida aggiuntiva per il team di Clinet, che deve tenere conto dell’orario della scuola adiacente, lavorando attorno alla presenza di bambini e/o genitori, oltre alle condizioni inclementi. 
 La vendemmia è iniziata a Pomerol leggermente prima che nella vicina Saint-Emilion, prendendo il via già dal 16 settembre, ma la maggior parte ha iniziato a portare in cantina il Merlot dal 20 del mese, e il Cabernet è stato completato entro il 4 ottobre (sebbene alcuni produttori avessero tutto in cantina entro la fine di settembre). Le rese sono variate in modo significativo – dal secondo raccolto più piccolo dal 1991 a Belle-Brise al secondo più grande degli ultimi 25 anni a Lafleur. 
 Jeremy Chasseuil (Feytit-Clinet) ha sottolineato come, per lui, lasciare il vino sulle fecce per due mesi sia stato fondamentale – aiutando a costruire la texture, rilasciando polisaccaridi che conferiscono peso al centro bocca del vino. Sebbene il 2024 non abbia prodotto gli stili più opulenti di Pomerol, i migliori conservano una trama soffice e un’esoticità negli aromi che completa l’acidità naturalmente elevata dell’anno. Sebbene la qualità non sia del tutto coerente qui, ci sono molti punti di forza. 
 I nostri preferiti a Pomerol: Belle-Brise, Eglise-Clinet, Guillot Clauzel, La Conseillante, Lafleur, Le Pin, Vieux Château Certan Saint-Emilion 
 C’è stata una differenza notevole tra Pomerol e Saint-Emilion – con Saint-Emilion che ha visto significativamente più pioggia tra aprile e giugno, con 278 mm contro 199 mm a Pomerol. Nonostante ciò, l’altopiano calcareo della regione ha dato il meglio – permettendo all’acqua di drenare lontano dalle vigne, nonostante abbia raggiunto livelli record (ad Ausone, il livello nel loro pozzo è stato il più alto di sempre). Agosto, tuttavia, è stato significativamente più secco sulla Riva Destra – con circa la metà delle precipitazioni normali. 
 Qui la vendemmia è iniziata un po’ più tardi. Sebbene alcuni abbiano iniziato già il 17 settembre (Cheval Blanc, Canon, per esempio), la maggior parte ha aspettato fino al 27, e diverse tenute hanno rimandato fino ai primi di ottobre. Nonostante le sfide dell’anno (“È stata una guerra,” ha detto Pierre-Olivier Clouet di Cheval Blanc), la resa complessiva dell’appellazione è risultata abbastanza nella media – sebbene variata tra le tenute. 
 Ad Angélus, è stata la 40ª vendemmia di Hubert de Boüard de Laforest, e la bottiglia reca una sezione di tronco d’albero con 40 anelli in tributo. A Ch. Beauséjour, è stata la prima annata prodotta nella nuova cantina di Joséphine Duffau-Lagarrosse, qualcosa di cui è stata particolarmente grata, poiché le ha permesso di suddividere il vigneto in parcelle più piccole e lavorare con maggiore precisione. 
 Saint-Emilion è così grande che inevitabilmente quest’anno c’è un’ampia gamma di vini. Sebbene alcuni possano risultare eccessivamente taglienti, austeri o astringenti, ci sono vini molto impressionanti, testurizzati, stratificati che mantengono tensione e offrono al contempo abbondanza di frutto e peso. Cheval Blanc, per esempio, è un vino molto serio che avrà bisogno di tempo – un vero contrasto con molti dei 2024 destinati a essere approcciabili presto. Vale la pena evidenziare Ch. Laroque, una tenuta che osserviamo da un po’, dove David Suire continua a produrre vini dal valore straordinario. 
 I nostri preferiti a Saint-Emilion: Ausone, Cheval Blanc, Clos de Sarpe, Figeac, L’If, Laroque, Tertre Roteboeuf RIVA SINISTRA 
 Le rese sulla Riva Sinistra – a parte i bianchi – sono state in genere inferiori rispetto alla Destra. Variano significativamente tra le tenute, tuttavia, con rese che vanno dal minimo storico alla normalità. Sebbene ci siano annate in cui siti minori nel Médoc e nell’Haut-Médoc eccellono, il 2024 in gran parte non lo è stato – questa è stata un’annata in cui la qualità del terroir, così come i mezzi per effettuare una selezione rigorosa, sono stati fondamentali. Abbiamo riscontrato che la qualità qui era ancora più eterogenea che nel resto della Gironda, tuttavia ci sono ancora vini brillanti da trovare. 
 Saint-Estèphe 
 La qualità a Saint-Estèphe è mista nel 2024. La posizione più fresca e settentrionale del comune non è stata necessariamente un vantaggio quest’anno, né lo sono stati i suoli più ricchi di argilla – che sono stati un tale vantaggio nelle recenti annate calde e secche. Le tenute con vigne su ghiaie ben drenanti se la sono cavata meglio, tuttavia ci sono molte variabili nell’equazione della qualità quest’anno. 
 Sebbene non tutte le tenute abbiano prosperato, ci sono qui picchi seri, con Montrose in lizza per il vino dell’annata – offrendo un livello di densità e complessità che si è davvero distinto nelle nostre degustazioni. È la seconda versione del loro Grand Vin a provenire esclusivamente dalla Terrazza Quattro (T4), una decisione che sta chiaramente dando frutti, e abbiamo anche avuto il primo assaggio del vino non ancora rilasciato prodotto da T3, chiamato “Terrasse 3” – un vino che varrà la pena cercare. Il team di Montrose ha sottolineato come l’appellazione abbia visto meno pioggia tra il 1° agosto e l’8 settembre rispetto a quelle più a sud, ricevendo solo 50 mm in questo periodo critico (contro 80 mm per Margaux e 120 mm per Pessac-Léognan), qualcosa che hanno ritenuto fondamentale per il loro successo. 
 Calon-Ségur è stata una delle diverse tenute che hanno scelto di abbandonare l’organico quest’anno, usando trattamenti convenzionali tra il germogliamento e la fioritura, prima di tornare al loro regime normale, consentendo loro di ottenere la stessa resa del 2023 a 45 hl/ha (contro 29 hl/ha a Cos d’Estournel, che ha proseguito il percorso verso la certificazione biologica). Il Direttore Tecnico Vincent Millet – alla guida dell’intero portafoglio di tenute di Calon, incluso Ch. le Prieuré a Saint-Emilion e Vray Croix de Gay a Pomerol – ha osservato come il Cabernet Sauvignon a maturazione più tardiva sia stato particolarmente delicato quest’anno, rendendo la Riva Sinistra più impegnativa della Destra nell’annata. 
 I nostri preferiti a Saint-Estèphe: Montrose Pauillac 
 Pauillac ha avuto la resa più bassa di qualsiasi comune della Riva Sinistra quest’anno, con una media nell’appellazione di 29,5 hl/ha (contro una media ventennale di 45,7 hl/ha). Tra le tenute, le cifre sono variate enormemente – dal minuscolo 11 hl/ha prodotto a Ch. Latour (un livello più tipico di Sauternes) ai 33 hl/ha di Ch. Lafite Rothschild, per esempio, guardando a due tenute che lavorano in biologico. Giugno è stato più secco qui che altrove, il che significa che le vigne hanno iniziato a soffrire di stress idrico prima – con alcune proprietà che hanno persino affermato di aver visto lo sviluppo delle viti fermarsi in agosto, con le prime piogge a fine mese come gradita tregua. 
 La vendemmia qui si è protratta per i primi 10 giorni di ottobre, con la botrite che ha influito in modo significativo sulle rese. Pichon Baron ha stimato di aver perso circa 10 hl/ha per marciume – solo uno dei sacrifici che hanno reso il 2024 un’annata così costosa da produrre. I vini risultanti tendono ad avere quote più alte di Cabernet Sauvignon, e variano sia nello stile che nella qualità. In generale, si tratta di Pauillac di stile più leggero, senza la fermezza o la potenza che questa appellazione può spesso offrire. Sebbene alcuni non abbiano sufficiente concentrazione o struttura, i migliori hanno la tipica grafite di Pauillac, completata da floreali più delicati, frutto croccante, una qualità salina e tannini fini. 
 L’annata segna anche i 100 anni di Batailley sotto la famiglia Borie-Castéja, meritando un’etichetta commemorativa per questo Claret di riferimento, oltre a un formato speciale Marie-Jeanne. 
 I nostri preferiti a Pauillac: Batailley, Lafite Rothschild, Pichon Comtesse, Pontet-Canet Saint-Julien 
 Ai Chx Léoville e Langoa Barton, Damien Barton Sartorius ha paragonato il 2024 alla corsa di una maratona – faticosa, ma soddisfacente, e che ti lascia pronto a iscriverti alla prossima. La resa media per l’appellazione è stata leggermente superiore a quella di Pauillac, con 32,5 hl/ha – comunque quasi il 25% in meno rispetto alla media trentennale. Come più a nord, tuttavia, la media è solo una media: Beychevelle ha raccolto a 43 hl/ha, mentre la selezione ha portato la resa a 23,6 hl/ha a Ducru-Beaucaillou (con il team che ha scartato quasi 10 hl/ha), e le cifre sono variate in modo significativo tra le tenute. 
 A Beychevelle, Philippe Blanc ha spiegato come, dopo appena 4 mm di pioggia tra il 1° e il 28 agosto, la pioggia sia ricominciata e non si sia più fermata. Il loro Merlot è stato maggiormente colpito dalla peronospora e quindi l’assemblaggio è più alto in Cabernet Sauvignon (55%) – qualcosa riscontrato anche altrove. La cattiva fioritura e la conseguente colatura hanno comportato grappoli più spargoli, ha spiegato Barton Sartorius, qualcosa che ritiene li abbia davvero aiutati a evitare una significativa pressione di botrite a fine stagione. 
 La dimensione più piccola di Saint-Julien fa sì che sia un po’ più coerente di Pauillac, tuttavia non è del tutto uniforme. Il frutto tende a essere un po’ più dolce, pur restando sullo spettro del rosso piuttosto che del nero, i vini offrono un’acidità brillante e i migliori tannini fini e buon equilibrio, con il rovere perfettamente integrato. 
 I nostri preferiti a Saint-Julien: Ducru-Beaucaillou, Léoville Barton Margaux 
 Sebbene nessuna appellazione sia coerente nel 2024, Margaux ha prodotto vini particolarmente impressionanti. Le precipitazioni potrebbero essere state più alte qui che più a nord, ma il microclima leggermente più caldo e i suoli poco profondi hanno forse permesso alle uve di maturare prima e più pienamente. Ci sono ancora vini leggeri e taglienti, tuttavia realtà come Palmer, Margaux e Rauzan-Ségla hanno prodotto vini tra i migliori dell’annata. 
 Ch. Margaux ha indicato la fioritura precoce come un vantaggio significativo nell’annata – “una benedizione”, nelle parole di Aurélien Valance. Il 2024 avrebbe dovuto essere l’anno finale della conversione biologica a Ch. Rauzan-Ségla, e quando la pressione della peronospora è aumentata, il team ha discusso seriamente se perseverare o meno. Con l’approvazione dei proprietari, hanno deciso che a lungo termine fosse la scelta giusta continuare – sapendo che avrebbe significato un sacrificio in resa (con un raccolto finale di 30 hl/ha), ma sarebbe stato anche il loro primo vino certificato biologico. Il team di Palmer – da lungo tempo biodinamico – ha dovuto effettuare fino a 10 trattamenti a mano, impossibilitato a portare i trattori tra le vigne. 
 Comunque lo si spieghi, i risultati qui parlano da soli – con vini che combinano graziosi, inebrianti floreali con frutto dolce e soffice, oltre a tannini fini ma persistenti, cipriati: vini seri che meriterebbero considerazione in qualsiasi annata. Questa è stata anche l’unica appellazione in cui i secondi vini – come Alter Ego de Palmer e Pavillon Rouge – hanno mostrato una qualità reale. 
 I nostri preferiti a Margaux: Brane-Cantenac, Giscours, Palmer, Margaux, Rauzan-Ségla Graves + Pessac-Léognan 
 Le rese per i rossi a Pessac-Léognan sono state – in modo insolito per l’anno – nella media. I bianchi sono discussi separatamente sotto, ma i rossi di Graves e Pessac-Léognan sono stati vari quanto altrove. Ci sono, tuttavia, alcuni vini affascinanti e alcuni molto impressionanti che smentiscono la reputazione dell’annata. 
 Questa regione meridionale ha visto più pioggia in agosto, non beneficiando forse dello stress idrico che è stato così importante altrove – ma la pioggia in quel mese non è stata eccessiva, solo in linea con la norma. A Smith Haut Lafitte, settembre ha visto più di tre volte la pioggia media (164 mm contro 48 mm), rendendo la vendemmia tutt’altro che facile. 
 Sebbene Carmes Haut-Brion abbia raccolto 40 hl/ha, ha vinificato solo 24 hl/ha – un altro esempio della selezione estrema messa in atto quest’anno dalle tenute focalizzate sulla qualità. Guillaume Pouthier – che offre sempre una prospettiva unica su un’annata – sta facendo qualcosa di diverso nell’affinamento quest’anno, riducendo la temperatura della cantina da 16°C a 12°C durante i due anni di élevage, per preservare il profilo fruttato del vino e favorire la precipitazione tartarica, riducendo così il livello di acidità. Il tempo dirà come funzionerà, quindi sarà affascinante degustare di nuovo il vino in bottiglia. 
 Domaine de Chevalier ha prodotto vini particolarmente impressionanti quest’anno e, sebbene lavorino da lungo tempo in biologico e biodinamico, quest’anno hanno preso la difficile decisione di usare trattamenti convenzionali – qualcosa che è stato premiato, con rese generose (48 hl/ha) e qualità molto elevata. 
 I nostri preferiti in Graves + Pessac-Léognan: Les Carmes Haut-Brion, Domaine de Chevalier, La Mission Haut-Brion Bianchi secchi 
 Alcuni parlano in estasi dei bianchi secchi del 2024 – e, sebbene ci siano assolutamente bianchi brillanti, la qualità è ben lontana dall’essere uniforme. 
 Le prime uve di Sauvignon Blanc sono state raccolte a Sauternes il 20 agosto, sebbene la maggior parte dei produttori con cui abbiamo parlato abbia vendemmiato tra la fine di agosto e l’inizio di settembre, con l’ultimo Sémillon portato in cantina il 23 settembre. Le rese sono state da medie a generose, con la peronospora molto meno problematica – 30 hl/ha a Margaux, 32 hl/ha a Smith Haut Lafitte, 38 hl/ha per Haut-Brion e La Mission Haut-Brion, 48 hl/ha a Domaine de Chevalier, per esempio, mentre sulla Riva Destra la scuderia Lafleur ha portato in cantina circa 40 hl/ha e il team di Nicolas Thienpont ha raccolto rispettivamente 43 hl/ha e 47 hl/ha ad Alcée e Charmes-Godard. 
 Le condizioni più fresche hanno preservato una spina dorsale di acidità nei vini, con pH conseguentemente bassi – analiticamente parlando, i vini hanno l’acidità più alta dal 2014. Gli aromatici sono precisi, dominati dal verde piuttosto che dal frutto a nocciolo, e certamente non all’estremità più tropicale dello spettro. Se mai, alcuni vini possono risultare un po’ verdi o esili. Come ha spiegato il Direttore Tecnico di Smith Haut Lafitte, Fabien Teitgen, la sfida era ottenere una maturità che rivestisse l’acido dell’annata, la polpa che completasse lo scheletro. La proprietaria Florence Cathiard ritiene che il risultato sia “uno dei [loro] migliori bianchi”. Allo stesso modo a Ch. Margaux, hanno fatto un po’ più di bâtonnage per dare peso al Pavillon Blanc – ed è una delle stelle dell’anno. 
 In alcuni, si avverte l’eccesso d’acqua della stagione di crescita – le rese generose sfociano in vini che non hanno sufficiente concentrazione. Il Sauvignon Blanc sembra essersela cavata meglio del Sémillon, più suscettibile al marciume e più difficile da portare a maturità fenolica – e molti dei nostri preferiti erano puro Sauvignon, o fortemente guidati dalla varietà. 
 I paragoni sono stati vari – sebbene il 2021 fosse comune per la spina acida e le condizioni più fresche. A Lafleur, Omri Ram è convinto che il 2024 Les Champs Libres sia uno dei loro migliori, posizionandosi comodamente accanto al 2023 e al 2021. A Ch. Margaux, Aurélien Valance ha guardato a un’annata sorprendente – la calda stagione 2018, ma in cui il vino ha un’impronta salina simile a quella riscontrata nel 2024. 
 I nostri preferiti: Charmes-Godard, De Fieuzal Blanc, Domaine de Chevalier Blanc, Haut-Brion Blanc, Les Champs Libres e Grand Village Blanc, Pavillon Blanc du Ch. Margaux Sauternes + Barsac 
 È facile presumere che, poiché pioggia e marciume hanno minacciato il raccolto nel 2024, sia stato perfetto per i vini dolci di Sauternes e Barsac: ma sono necessarie condizioni molto specifiche perché si instauri la muffa nobile, e se non vengono soddisfatte si ottiene marciume grigio – entrambi causati dallo stesso fungo, Botrytis cinerea. Il primo passaggio a Sauternes tendeva a svolgersi a fine settembre, con condizioni alternate di bagnato e asciutto che incoraggiavano lo sviluppo della muffa nobile dall’inizio di ottobre. Ma le squadre hanno dovuto combattere anche marciume grigio e acescenza – e un alto grado di selezione è stato fondamentale. A La Tour Blanche, hanno prodotto appena 3 hl/ha per il loro Grand Vin, una resa minuscola che eguaglia quella del 2021. 
 Le uve che sono arrivate in vasca offrivano livelli di acidità elevati, aromaticità precise, ma non la lussureggiante concentrazione delle annate davvero migliori. In base alle nostre degustazioni, i vini risultanti sono da buoni a molto buoni, se non proprio eccezionali, ma possono avere particolare appeal per i consumatori che preferiscono uno stile di vino dolce più leggero – con acidità più brillante e livelli di zucchero residuo leggermente inferiori. Sono vibranti e puri, con molta concentrazione, sebbene non così edonistici come gli anni più celebrati – e saranno approcciabili in una fase più precoce della loro vita. 
 I nostri preferiti: Doisy Védrines, Guiraud, La Tour Blanche, Suduiraut 
 Esplora Bordeaux 2024 – inclusa la nostra panoramica completa dell’annata

Dopo la nostra panoramica completa dell'annata e mentre continuano le uscite en primeur di Bordeaux 2024, esploriamo come si è comportata ogni sottoregione nell'anno, oltre a identificare i nostri vini preferiti in ciascuna

Bordeaux 2024: a breakdown of the vintage by region, with top picks from Saint-Estephe, Pauillac, Margaux, Saint-Julien, Saint-Emilion and Pomerol

Bordeaux 2024 – breaking the year down by commune

Bordeaux 2024: l'annata per comune

Domaine Christian Simon

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Domaine Christian Simon

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